Kubatana uye Tsanangudzo
Broccoli isimba, miti yakasvibiswa mumhuri yeBrassicaceae, iyo inosanganisira kabichi , kare , maBrussels anomera uye michero yakawanda yeAsia , sa bok choy. Chikamu chatinodya ndicho chaicho chemichero yemaruva emu broccoli. Kana ikasara isina kukohwa, musoro wewa broccoli uchazaruka mumaruva maduku machena-machena. Kunyange zvazvo yakawanda broccoli yakasvibirira, kunewo zvimwe zvinotapira uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvepepuru.
Broccoli inobatsira zvikuru kukura, nokuti inotanga munda wako uchitanga mangwanani uye unoramba uchituma kune rumwe rutivi rwunotora kwemavhiki, mushure mokukohwa musoro mukuru, vachikupai nguva yakareba yekukohwa. Zvinyorwa zveBrocco izvo zvakanyanyisa kutumira mapuranga aya anowanzosanangurwa sekumera broccoli. Kana iwe uri mudiwa we broccoli, uine kunyange nemichero shomanana mumunda unozokupa mupiro wakakwana.
Botanical Name
Brassica oleracea var. italica
Mazita Anowanikwa
Broccoli, Sprouting Broccoli, Calabreseitalica
Hardiness Zones
Broccoli is biennial , asi inogona kuenda kune mbeu gore rokutanga, kana yakadyarwa pakutanga kwechando. Nokuti haisi miti isingaperi , haina USDA Hardiness Zone .
Kuchengetedza
Sezvo nemichero yakawanda, broccoli inokura zvakanaka pane imwe nzvimbo nezuva rose . Zvisinei mumamiriro ekupisa zvikuru, mumvuri usina kufanira unofanirwa kudzivirira kudzivirira.
Kukura Kwakakura
Mazhinji emhando ye broccoli ichakura anenge 2 ½ ft. / 76 cm (h) x 8 - 12 inches / 20-30 cm (w).
Kukura kwemajeri kunowirirana zvikuru nemamiriro ekukura uye zvakasiyana zve broccoli.
Mazuva Kukohwa
Mazuva kusvika pakukura achararama pane zvakasiyana-siyana zvaunenge uchikura, asi pane marocaini marudzi anogona kutanga kukohwa anenge mazuva makumi mashanu kubva pakugadzirwa.
Nzira Yokukohwa Broccoli
Usamirira kusvikira broccoli yako inobereka musoro mukuru, sezvamunoona muchitoro.
Iko kune mamwe makuru makuru emucheka wemucroccoli, asi vazhinji vakagadzirira kutanga kukohwa kana vazosvika pakukura kwebhokisi guru. Kana iwe ukamirira kwenguva refu kuti ukohwe, budhu ichazaruka. Iwe unogona kudya mapepa panguva ino, asi inenge yakanyanya kuoma uye maruva akabikwa anotendeuka kubva kune zhizha kusvika ku-beige.
Dzvora musoro nemasentimita masere emicheto akabatanidzwa. Mutsva mutsva inenge ichangobva kuumbwa mumashizha eayils uye kumativi ese pasi pedu. Izvi zvichave zviduku zvikuru kudarika musoro wokutanga, asi zvichiri kunakidza. Ramba uchikohwa uye ivo vacharamba vachigadzira.
Zvimwe Zvakasarudzirwa Kuti Zvikure
- 'Blue Wind' F1 (mazuva 49) - Kuvandudzwa 'Packman'. Inokura zvakanaka mumamiriro akawanda emamiriro okunze.
'Calabrese' uye 'De Cicco' (mazuva 60) Popular heirlooms. Vanotanga kubereka mangwanani uye vanotevera nehuwandu hwemashure ekuderera.
- Kutanga Kwemavara Akasvibirira Broccoli (Mazuva 80 - 115) Akanaka kupfuura broccoli, asi zvinotora nokusingaperi. Inowanzosimudzirwa se-biennial uye kukohwa gore rinotevera.
- 'Romanesco' (mazuva makumi manomwe) - Misoro ndeyemhepo yakasvibirira yemarimi uye mavara uye tambo zvakanaka.
- Broccoli Raab ( Brassica campestris ) - Hama yepedyo, AKA di rapa, rappone kana turnip broccoli, haambotauri ruvara rukuru musoro. Yakura kune mashizha.
Broccoli Kukura Mazano
Mhepo: Broccoli inosarudza ivhu risina kutakura pH, zvakapoteredza 7.0 Ivhu rakapfuma , rine zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvakasikwa, zvicharamba zvichikura zvakasimba munguva yose.
Nguva Yokudyara: Mumamiriro okunze akaoma, iwe unotanga musoro kutanga nekutanga mbeu mukati mevhiki 6-7 musati wapera dhizha rekupedzisira. Munenge mavhiki masere kusvika ku5, mbeu dzewa broccoli dzinofanirwa kunge dzakasvika anenge masendimita masendimita yakareba uye dzinogona kuiswa panze kuti dzitange kuoma . Broccoli inogona kubata zvishoma frost, kana yakaoma. Tevera nzira imwe chete yekutenga broccoli michero.
Mumamiriro okunze anodziya, unogona kutungamirira mbeu broccoli mumatambo makuru. Mumamiriro okunze anopisa, unogona kuwana mbeu yechipiri yakaitwa pakupedzisira kwechando / pakutanga kwezhizha uye zvichida kunodyarwa kwezhizha (July / August) nekuda kwekuwa kwezvirimwa . Munzvimbo dzine mazhizha anononoka, broccoli ichapedza-yechando uye ichagadzirira kukohwa mukati megore.
Vakanaka vemazhizha vemazhizha vanogona kutungamirira mbeu, zvakare, asi iwe unoda kumirira kusvikira mwedzi mumwe chete usati watora nguva yako yekupedzisira yechando.
Kudyara: Broccoli inogona kudyara inch kana maviri yakadzika kupfuura yakange iri muhari yacho. Mvura yacho zvakanaka uye uidzivirire nemutsara wevheiri kana chimwe chifukidzo, kana ganda rakaoma rinotarisirwa. Gadzira minyenga inogona kurwisa michina yemucroccoli, saka kuvhara kororo yakavapoteredza panguva yekufambisa nguva yakanaka yekudzivirira.
Mucherechedzo: Ipa imwe mbeu yemucroccoli anenge masendimita makumi matanhatu emakamuri mune imwe neimwe.
Kuchengetedza Mbeu dzeBroccoli
Broccoli hairevi kutarisirwa zvakawanda, kusvikira yava nguva yokukohwa. Ichengetedze zvakanaka uye inokura.
Broccoli michero haifaniri kudikanwa kudya kwekuwedzera, kana ivhu rako rakafuma. Kana vakatarisa sevanoda kukurudzirwa kana iwe uchida kukurumidza kukura, uvaise neine nitrogen. Hove emulsion yakanaka kune izvi.
Pest ne Matambudziko anoshungurudza Broccoli
Broccoli inokonzerwa nezvipembenene zvakafanana nekakbage . Zvipembenene zvinowanzozivikanwa ndezvekuti: Kabichi looper, inotengeswa kabichi mhondi, kabichi midzi maggot uye aphid. Izvi zvipembenene zvinotambudza munguva yekutanga kwemwaka.
Zvirwere zvinosanganisira: blackleg, black rot uye clubroot. Kurapa kwezvirwere kunowanikwa nekufambisa chibage gore negore. Clubroot inoderedzwa paunokura ivhu pH kusvika 7.0.
Sources:
- Kukura Broccoli uye Koliflower muJindu Rokumusha , Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet
- Broccoli, University of Illinois
- The Garden Primer , naBarbara Damrosch