Kudzora kwevanhu ndechimwe chezvizhinji zvekutsvaga
Kunyangwe pane zvakawanda zvikomborero zvekuvhima , iwe haugoni kuverenga pamusoro pavo mune zvakawanda zvemavara-mapenyu mabhuku. Asi vatsva vave vari pakati pevakanyatsozvitsaurira vekuchengetedza kwemazana emakore. Tarisa kuti mazano matsva akaita sekutsvaga kwemavara arikugadzirisa sei izvi zvekare kare zvehutano hwehupenyu.
Kudzingirira uye Kukanganiswa
Kune eons, vanhu vanovhima uye vanobatwa kuitira kuti vararame, kunyanya munzvimbo dzisina kunaka apo nguva yekukura yakanga iri pfupi uye zvokudya zvekudya hazvina kutendeka gore rose.
Kunyangwe munzvimbo dzaiva nemamiriro okunze akadzikama, zvikafu zvaiwanzogadzirwa nemidziyo zvakabhadharwa nehove dzine hupfumi hwezvakakwana uye nyama.
Zvimwe zvekuvhima zvakaitwa pasina kushungurudzika zvisina kufanira kune mhuka dzevanhu, kunyange kune humwe uchapupu hwekuti kudarika kwakabatanidzwa pakupararira kwemarudzi akawanda emhuka. (Kune nguva dzose inowanzova nengozi mukufunga kuti vanhu vepakutanga vairarama mukufambidzana kwakanaka nemasikirwo) Hapana, chokwadi, inogona kunge iri kure nechokwadi.) Kamera yeNorth America nemaMastoni, moa yeNew Zealand uye kangaroo guru reAustralia zvakaurayiwa zviuru zvezviuru yemakore akapfuura nevashambadzi vevanhu.
The Rise of the Conservationist
Kwemazana emakore, sezvo vanhu vakawanda, kukuvhima, zvekurima uye kushamwaridzana kwevanhu munzvimbo dzepanyama zvakatanga kuuraya mhuka nehove pasi rese. Uyezve, kubatsira kwekuvhima kwakaderera sekuvhima kwemitambo kwakave yakakurumbira, nemigumisiro yakaipa.
Kuparara kana kuswedera-kupera kwezviuru zvemhando dzemhuka dzomusango - pigeon yevapambi, Carolina parakeet, bhitori yeNorth America - yakatanga kuvhundutsa vamwe vanhu vanochengetedza pfungwa. Zvinogona kukwikwidzana kuti "kutsvaka mutambo" kazhinji hachisi chinhu chinongotarisa, sezvo mhuka dzakaraswa dzaiwanzosiyiwa kuti dzife pasi, pane kurega kushandiswa nyama kana zvimwe zvinangwa.
Kunyangwe kusaka kwakakanganiswa nevamwe vanhu, yakaramba ichishandiswa nemamiriyoni evanhu, zvichida pasina zvaidiwa kana kuti zvekuzorora. Uye, kutanga mumakore ekuma1800, pakanga paine vashandi vakawanda vainyanya kuziva kukosha kwekuchengetedza zvipenyu zvemhuka uye nzvimbo dzepanyama.
Imwe yemakwikwi makuru ekuchengetedza yaiva mutsva mukuru wemutambo Theodore Roosevelt , uyo asina maoko akachengetedza akachengetedza mamiriyoni emahekari emasango, nharaunda, makungwa uye dzimwe nzvimbo kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedza kwezvikwata zvekuvhima uye kuchengetedza kunaka kweAmerica yemararamiro.
Kuchengetedzwa uye Kubatsirwa Kwokuvhima
Nhasi zvinonyanya kunzwisiswa kuti kubatsira kwekuvhima kunosanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwerenje neyemhuka dzesango - chifananidzo chebhey-bellied buffoon blasting nzira yake kudarika musango inonyanya kukosha kweHollywood fantasy.
Ducks Unlimited, somuenzaniso, akaberekerwa pakati peDust Bowl yemakore ekuma1930, apo kuoma kwemamiriro okunze kwakakanganisa vazhinji veNorth American waterfowl nekuparara. Boka revanhu vemitambo vainetseka rakaungana kuti rikurudzire imwe basa guru: kuchengetedza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza. Uye kubva pakatanga kwarwo muna 1937, Ducks Unlimited yakabudirira mukuchengetedza mahekreti gumi nemaviri ekere yemamiriro ekugara.
Kuvhima nhasi kunowanzotungamirirwa zvikuru kupfuura mumazana emakore adarika - kunyanya munyika dzakabudirira. (Kuwedzera kwekuparara kune dzimwe nyika zhinji dzeAfrica neAsia, zvichienderana nekutengeserana kwemhuka dzisina kukwana, kuratidza kuora mwoyo kwekuchengetedzwa kwemhuka munzvimbo idzodzo.) Uye vamwe vevatsigiri vanonyanya kushingaira vezvikwata zvebhagi nemimwe mitemo yekuvhima ndevatsva ivo pachavo.
Kudzingwa kwechichena-tailed mbatya muNorth America kunoratidza kuti kubatsirwa kwekuvhima (kana yakarongedzwa zvakanaka) kunosanganisira kuchengetedzwa kwerenje. Zvisikwa zvakasikwa semhashu nemakomo eshumba zvinowanikwa mukumabvazuva kweUnited States, saka nzara dzinopararira dzakasviba, nemigumisiro yakaipa. Deer yakabvisa miti yakawanda yemiti uye micheche, zvichiita kuti mimwe mhuka dzife nemhaka yekushaya zvokudya uye pokugara.
Vavhimi vezvokudya, zvisinei, vari kuchengetedza vagari vechena-tailed mbesa kuburikidza kuburikidza nekuvhima kwakagadzirirwa. Nokuderedza nhamba dzenzara mumasango akaoma, vatsva vari kubvumira masango aya kuti arambe aripo ane hutano hwakanaka hunogona kutsigira zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa nemhuka.
Green Hunting: Shoot to Save
Izvo zvitsva zvekuvhima nehoshos zviri kubatsira vatsvakurudzi vanonzwisisa zviri nani hupenyu hwezvikara zvinotambura, izvo zvinogonawo kuvimbisa kuti varamba varipo. Kuvhima kwemaGreen, dzimwe nguva kunonzi dart hunting kana dart safaris, kupa vavhimi mukana wokupfura mhuka dzine mitsipa yorugare. Zvisikwa zvino zvigadzirwa kana zvakagadzirirwa nemakoloni eGPS; Vatsvakurudzi vanogonawo kutora samples kana kuunganidza DNA kubva kumhuka.
Nemhaka yokuti mitsetse inorema kudarika mabhomba, vatsva vanofanira kuwana zvakanyanya pedyo nemhuka kuti vaise hit. Izvi zvinoita kuti kuvhima kwakasvibirira kuve kwakaoma uye kunotyisa kudarika kufanana nekuvhima, sezvo mhuka dzakadai nzombe nzou, ingwe, bhinzi neshumba zvinogona kutengesa.
Kuvhima kweguruva kunogonawo kuwedzera mari - imwe safaris inotengesa mari inosvika $ 25,000 pamvhimi - asi mari inoenda kunotsigira mhuka dzesango dzakachengetedzwa dzinochengetedza kana boka rekuchengetedza mhuka. Uye sezvo sariti yakasvibirira inoitika pasi pekutungamirirwa kwechiremba wemhuka uye vamwe vashandi, kuchengetedzwa kwemhuka yakasungwa inosimbiswa.
Kuvhima kweGreen kunonyanya kufarirwa muSouth Africa, uko maharafaradhi akawanda akaitwa muKwaZulu-Natal, Gauteng uye Northwest provinces. Kruger National Park uye pedyo ne Associated Private Nature Reserve (APNR) muSouth Africa vakabudirira kushandisa kusvibira kwemavara kuti vawane ruzivo pamusoro pehupenyu hwenhando dzino nzombe munzvimbo.
Maererano nepepanhau rekutsvakurudza rinobva musangano rinonzi Save the Elephants, "Kuwedzera kushambadzira kwemavara nekutsvaga mumagadziro ekutsvakurudza kwakatitendera kuwana ruzivo pamusoro pemafambiro emhando dzehando.Kutaura, kuvhima kwemavara kwakabvumira kutarisa kwemombe dzakakura dzisina kukanganisa pasina kuvhara gadzi, uye izvi zvakaitika panzvimbo yemari, pane mari, ku APNR.
Naizvozvo tinokurudzira kushandiswa kwemahombekombe senyeredzi sechimwe chekuuraya hunouraya zvipembenene nzombe mukati mehupfumi hwehupenyu hwakadai seAAPN uye kune imwe nzvimbo. "