Sphyrapicus varius
Iyo sapsucker yakapararira kupfuura yose muNorth America, inonzi yellow-bellied sapsucker ndiyo chikamu chinokosha chezvisikwa uye dzimwe mhando dzakawanda dzinovimba nemakomba ayo anozvikwanira ivo pachavo, kusanganisira dzimwe dzakawanda shiri, hummingbirds, makuru uye nhunzi.
Zita Rinozivikanwa: Jena-Bellied Sapsucker, Sapsucker, Spanish Woodpecker, Common Sapsucker
Scientific Name : Sphyrapicus varius (dzimwe nguva Picus varius )
Scientific Family : Picidae
Kuonekwa:
- Bill : Wakasimba, wakasimba, wakarurama, wakachena
- Kukura : 8-9 masendimita yakareba nemaapapiro 16-18-inch, mapapiro akareba, chifukidzo chakadzika, chakasungirirwa muswe
- Makore : Dzvuku, madema, machena, machena, machena, mabi, gris
- Zvinyorwa : Dimorphic species. Vanhurume vane chiso chine mutsvuku uye chakachena nehuma tsvuku uye korona , pamwe nehope yakatsvuka uye ine mhepo yakasviba muganhu. Iyo yakasvibiswa yakasvibiswa yakasviba uye yakachena, ine mapapiro asina kuvhara, mashoma asina kuratidzika anoratidza imwe chivande chechichena chinotanga kubva pamapfudzi uye ichiwedzera pasi mapapiro. Chigamba ichocho chinotaridzikawo noushingi pamatunhu ekudenga. Rump yakachena, uye mutswe wakasviba wakachenesa mutsara. Izvo zvinyasi zvinopisa uye zvakasvibiswa zvakasviba uye zvitsvuku, asi zvinogona kuonekwa sechishona nejecha-buff wash. Iko kunonyanya kukosha kuri pamakona , uye kukwirira uye huwandu hwejena hunosiyana. Madzimai akafanana nevanhurume asi anokwanisa kuratidza kushambidza kumushure. Mhombwe yehadzi yakachena uye korona inogona kuva yakaenzana kupfuura yevarume. Pamusoro pemadzimai maviri, maziso ari masikati uye makumbo netsoka dzakachena-madema.
Vatongi vakafanana nevarume vakuru asi vashoma vasina kunyatsocherechedza, vasina chavamwe vatsvuku uye vane zviduku zvishoma zvakasiyana pameso. Mushonga unosuruvara unoonekwa pamusoro uye kumashure, uye muganhu wepakati wehope ungasave uripo kana usina kukwana.
Zvipenyu ndeye monotypic.
Zvokudya : Sap, zvipembenene, michero, majeki, marimu, buds, mbeu ( Ona: Omnivorous )
Habitat uye Kutama:
Izvi zvinokambaira miti zvinosarudza masango akazaruka kana mapuranga ematanda, uye anowanzowanikwa mumasango ane tsvina kana akavhenganiswa nemasango. Miti yakawanda yakadai semaple, birch, alder, aspen uye hickory inoshandiswa, uye inowanzowanika mumapaki, minda yemizambiringa, minda nemashure apo miti yakakura inowanika.
Iro-bellied sapsucker yekukura kwezhizha inotanga kubva kumaodzanyemba kweAlaska kuburikidza nemasango ematunhu eCanada kuenda kuNewfoundland neRabrador neNova Scotia, uye nechekumaodzanyemba kumadokero kweNorth Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, nechepamusoro penyika yeMichigan uye muNew England yose. Muchando, shiri dzinoenda kumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States kubva kumabvazuva eMoscow uye Connecticut kuKentucky, kumaodzanyemba kuMissin, Oklahoma neTexas. Nguva yechando inopararira muMexico yose neCentral America kune nechekumaodzanyemba sePanama, uye ava vane mapuranga vanoitawo chando muCaribbean.
Vagrant kuona nguva dzose kunonyorwa zvakanyanya kumadokero kwenzvimbo iyi inotarisirwa nenyuchi, kunyanya panguva yekudonha kutama uye munguva yechando. Zviitiko zvisingawanzoonekwi zviri kuitika muIceland, Ireland neGreat Britain.
Vocalizations:
Kunyange zvazvo vabati vemapuranga vachiwanzove vakanyarara, vanove nekunyoroka kwemvura kana kuchema kwechikwata kungangodaro kana kuti kunogona kubudiswa nekunonoka kwekupedzisira pamagumo. Iko kunyoresa muenzaniso isiri uye kunopedza masikati 4-6. Girasi-bellied sapsuckers inodha pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zvematare, zvakadai sezviratidzo, gutters kana mavheti kuti kuwedzera resonance uye kuparidzira zvakanyanya ndima yavo.
Maitiro:
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehuni zvinowanzove dzoga kana kuti zvinogona kuonekwa muzvikamu panguva yekubereka. Pavanenge vachigadzirira, vanochera mapundu maviri emakomba mumiti yakakodzera - maduku, akadzika kumativi mabheji kana masango makuru akareba. Dzinodzivirira matsime aya kubva kune dzimwe miti uye hummingbirds, uye inoshanda kuti ichengetedze mabheji makuru kuti kuchengeta kusviba kuyerere. Pavanenge vachidya, vanonyorera pamatsime kana kuti vanogona kudonhera pasi kuitira nyerere kana zvipembenene zvemakona kubva mumhepo. Pakubhururuka, mapapiro awo akadzika anokonzera kusaderedza, swooping ndege.
Kubereka:
Izvi ndezvisikwa zvisikwa zvinokonzerwa nekukwikwidzana kwenguva pfupi zvinosanganisira kudhakwa kwepakati uye kushanyira avo vanozobatsirana nemiti. Rimwe raviri richashanda pamwe chete kwemazuva manomwe kusvika ma10 kusvika ku10 kuti ifukidze chivako chekuvata, kazhinji kusvika kuma660 kusvika kumusoro kwevhu.
Hapana nhumbi yekugadzira inoshandiswa, kunyange humwe huni huni kubva mumugwagwa hunogona kugara mumugwagwa apo mazai akaiswa. Nzvimbo dzedenga dzinogona kushandiswa zvakare kwemakore akawanda kana dzichigara mumamiriro ezvinhu akakodzera.
Iyo mazai machena ari oval- kana e-shaped-shaped-shaped, uye kune vana 4-7 pamasikati. Vose vaviri vabereki vanogovera kugoverwa mabasa kwemazuva 12-13, uye mushure mekuvhara vabereki vose vanodyisa vechidiki vaduku mumazuva 25-30. Mushure mekunge vechidiki vaduku vanogona kubva kubva mudendere, vabereki vose vanovadzidzisa pamusoro pekupisa.
Mucheka mutsvuku-bhabheri huchanyadzisa nemafuta ane tsvuku uye mazamu-reded breastsuckers apo mhando dzemhando dzakasiyana, uye kuratidzwa kwakanaka kwevana kunogona kuva kwakaoma kana kusakanganisika nekuda kwekufananidzwa kwehupakati pakati pezvipenyu.
Kukwezva Jaji-Kunyorerwa Sapsuckers:
Izvozvi shiri dzichakurumidza kushanyira miti yemiti yemiti yakakura, kwavanozodya pa suet feeders kana kuti inogona kubva kune hummingbird feeders. Iwawo mafuta ane mazino anozora uye anogona kudya jelly kana kunyoreswa nekatekiti yakagadzika zvakadai semabitsiti e donuts kana makiki.
Kuchengetedza:
Izvo shiri hadzingaratidzi kutyisidzirwa kana kuiswa pangozi, asi dzimwe nguva dzinotambudzwa nekuda kwekutenda kuti zvitubu zvavo zvinogona kukuvadza miti. Kunyange zvazvo ichokwadi kuti muti wakakomberedzwa zvikuru unogona kutambura, izvi hazviwanzoiti uye hazviwanzo chikonzero chekufunganya. Munzvimbo dzakawanda, vanhu vezvikwata izvi zvinowedzera nokuda kwekuwedzera kwechipiri kukura musango nekunaka miti yemhando.
Nyeredzi dzakafanana:
- Sonsucker Williamson ( Sphyrapicus thyroideus )
- Red-Naped Sapsucker ( Sphyrapicus nuchalis )
- Red-Breasted Sapsucker ( Sphyrapicus ruber )
- Nubian Woodpecker ( Campethera nubica )
- Cardinal Woodpecker ( Dendropicos fuscescens )
- Great Spotted Woodpecker ( Dendrocopos makuru )
Mufananidzo - Mutsvuku-Wakasungwa Sapsucker - Murume © Ed Schneider
Mufananidzo - Mutsvuku-Wakabatana Sapsucker - Mukadzi © Gerry
Mufananidzo - Mutsvuku-Wakasungwa Sapsucker - Juvenile © Fyn Kynd