Nylon ndiyo inonyanyozivikanwa fiber inowanikwa mumakambani ekugara mafirimu nhasi. Iine mbiri yakasimba yekuve yakasimba uye yakaoma kuchengetedza uye inotsvakwa zvikuru. Ngatitorei zvakadzama kutarisa kwakadzika kwekiloni yefiber fiber.
Kuzvinyorwa kweNyunoni Mapepa
Nylon yakagadzirwa muna 1935 naWallace Hume Carothers, mukuru wekutsvakurudza kuDuPont. Basa rayo rekutanga rekushandisa mune zvekutengeserana raiva mumasikisi evakadzi mugore ra1939, asi raive richishandiswawo muhove yehove uye mazino emasero.
Pakazosvika makore makumi mashanu, DuPont yakatanga kubudisa nylon yekutengesa, nenzira yekusimudzira fiber, mushure mokuedzwa kwegore remakore matanhatu muIndaneti du Pont. Makore anoverengeka gare gare, muna 1959, DuPont yakaunza BCF (yakawanda inowedzera filament) nylon.
Nylon yakashandura chigadzirwa chemotokari seyiyo yekutanga yakanyatsogadzira fiber uye yakakurumidza ikava mufananidzo mutsva mukugadzira.
Zviratidzo zveNylon yeKaripu
Iko kune zvakawanda zvinosanganisira nylon inoita kuti ive sarudzo yakanaka yekutakura fiber. Pamusoro pekukoshesa ndekugara kwayo. Nylon iyi ine fiber yakasimba kwazvo, uye zvakadaro, inomira zvakanaka chaizvo kubvisa. Iyo inonyanya kugadziriswa uye ine maitiro akanaka kwazvo ekuchengetedza kwekuchengetedza mararamiro ayo okutanga.
Resiliency
Kugadzikana kweNylon kunokonzerwa nekanyanya kumashikomiro ehydrogen iyo inoumba chikamu chekugadzirisa kwayo. Iyi molecule inogona kumutswazve nemvura inopisa yekutsvaira yekuchenesa ( kushambidza mhepo ).
Kupisa kubva mumvura yakachena kunogadzirisa zvakare inonzi hydrogen molecule, kuitira kuti kana mashizha atanga kupera nekuda kwekufamba kwechikepe, kuchenesa goroti kunobatsira fiber kuti idzokere. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, zvakakosha zvikuru kuti goroti ye nylon ishu inoshambidzwa mwedzi gumi nemasere kusvika pa18 pahuwandu (kanowanzova munzvimbo dzakakwirira kwazvo mumigwagwa) kuti ugare kwenguva yakareba.
Stain-Resistance
Nylon inobata fiber, saka kudzivirira kupera kunobva kunyura mukati kusvika mukati mehutsi uye kusiya matara, inofanira kuchengetedzwa nehutachiona. Kufambira mberi mumatareji ekutengesa marara kunoreva kuti nyloni dzemazuva ano dzakanyanya kudzivisa kupfuura kare.
Nyoni inonyanya kusagadzikana yeyiloni inogadziriswa-yakasvibiswa nylon, iyo inovhara ruvara kuburikidza nekuwedzera iyo panguva yekugadzirwa kwe fiber (panzvimbo yekupfeka 'greige' fiber mushure mekugadzira). Kana ruvara rwechokwadi rutivi rwe fiber, inogara nekusingaperi-kusagadzikana, uye kuputika hakugoni kuzvibatanidza nemasero e-fiber kuti aite matanho.
Nylononi 6 vs. Nylononi 6.6
Kune mhando mbiri dzenzou inoshandiswa mukugadzira: chikwata che 6 uye chinyorwa 6,6 (chinonzi zita remaketani maviri eatomu inokonzera iyo). Kunyange zvazvo zvose zviri nylon, maitiro avo emakemikari akasiyana kubva kune mumwe. Pakave nekukakavadzana kukuru munharaunda kana imwe yerudzi inoshandiswa kune imwe. Chimvuramabwe chakawanda 6.6 senzira yakanakisisa, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwayo colorfastness uye kusagadzika kumativi. Zvisinei, kuvandudzwa kwakagadzirwa kuti utange 6 kutarisa nyaya idzi, uye mumusika wemazuva ano, kusiyana kwakaita pakati pemhando mbiri hakusi kudarika.
Makore ekuedzwa akaona kuti hapana maonero akasiyana ekugara kwenguva refu kana kuti kugadziriswa pakati pe nylon 6 uye nylon 6,6. Kunyangwe nyironi 6,6 ine nzvimbo yakanyunguduka yakanyanyisa kupfuura nylon 6, iyo isingabatsiri pakuita kwetipipiti pasi.
Imwezve pfungwa yekufungisisa pamusoro pemisiyano pakati pemhando mbiri dze nylon ndeyekuti nylon 6 inonyatsogadziriswa zvakare muchigadziti (inozivikanwa sekuti chikafu chekugadziriswazve) kupfuura nylon 6,6.
Kugadzira Nyuchi Fiber yeKaripeting
Vagadziri vemagetsi vanogadzira nylon mumba-kana kutenga fiber kubva kune imwe kunze uye vanoita kuti fiber iite mumatepi. Iko kune makambani akawanda anogadzira nylon kuti atengese kune vakugadziri vemagetsi, zvakadai se Invista (vatori veStainMaster fiber yakagadzirwa naDuPont).
Kazhinji, nyloni dzinobudiswa mumba-dzichadhura zvishoma kudarika izvo zvakatengwa kune imwe nzvimbo.
Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokubviswa kwechimwe chibatanidza mune zvekugadzirisa uye hazviwanzo chiratidzo chokuti mumba ma nyloni ndeahutsika hwakaderera.
Mutengo weNylon Carpeting
Nylon inowanikwa nyore nyore pamatunhu ose emitengo. Ndiyo fiber inoshandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana inogona kushandiswa muzvidzidzo zvepamusoro (zvinopinda mazinga) zvakasimbiswa zvakasimba pane zvimwe zvisingabatsiri fiber types (zvakadai sepolyester uye olefin ) asi yakakodzerwawo nemichero yakakwirira-refu ine mavimbiso mazhinji .
Kakawanda, kusara kweiyiloni nekugadzirisa kunoita kuti chive chisarudzo chakanaka che fiber mu carpeting, asi sezvaunogara uchiita, iva nechokwadi chekutarisa zvinhu zvose ( twist , chiso, kurema , nezvimwewo) paunenge uchitenga.