Rufous Hummingbird

by Melissa Mayntz

Selasphorus rufus

Iyo inonzi hummingbird yakawanda inobvumwa kuti ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza muNorth America hummingbirds. Pasinei nekuve imwe yeiyo duku kudukumbura, uye shiri duku iyi ine mhangura ine mhangura ichakurumidza kurwisa shiri shiri dzaro. Asi kunyange nepfungwa, iyo hummingbird inogamuchirwa uye yakaisvonaka kuwedzerwa kumashure akawanda.

Zita Rinozivikanwa : Rufous Hummingbird

Scientific Name: Selasphorus rufus

Scientific Family: Trochilidae

Kuonekwa:

Bhiri : Yakareba uye yakasviba, yakananga, netare-yakafanana
Kukura : 3.75 masendimita yakareba uye mapapiro 4-4.5-inch, masvingo akavakwa, muswe mirefu zvishoma kudarika mapapiro kana akaiswa
Mararamiro : Rust-orange, buff, red, white, green, black, iridescent
Zvinyorwa : Dimorphic species. Varume vane korona yakaoma, kumashure uye mazhenje uye mhangura iripo kana gorget tsvuku, kunyange nehuro inogona kutarisa rima kana rima mumumvuri kana kuti chiedza chakaipa. Mafudzi angangodaro aine ruvara uye vamwe varume vane tsvina yakasvibira kumusana, kunyange zvazvo maruva ari kumashure anowanzozivikanwa (asi 5-10 muzana chete yehufous hummingbird varume vanoratidzira tsvuku). Bhokisi racho rakachena uye kune kazhinji kachena streak pasi mudumbu, ichipa shiri chivara chekutarisa. Madzimai ane musoro wakachena uye achidzoka nemuchena, mutsara muduku-mavara-mavara angaratidza mutsvuku kana kuti machena machena splotch. Madzimai 'mapfupa nemapfupa ari kuputika. Mababa nemeso ehurume nemadzimai ari masikati uye shiri dzakaratidza, dzisina miswe. Pamusikana, muswe uri macorama nemazano madema, uye madzimai ane ngura mumucheto wemuswe, mutema mukati uye mazano madema, ane mavara machena pane matatu matatu emuswe misheve kune rumwe rutivi.

Vatongi vanoona zvakafanana kune vakadzi vakuru asi vane ruvara rwakapfurikidza uye runopenya zvishoma pamutsipa. Vakomana vechidiki vanoita ruvara rwepamusoro pamutsipa uye kupfuura dzimba pavanenge vari pasi pechando munguva yose yechando.

Zvipenyu ndeye monotypic.

Zvokudya: Nectar, sap, insects, spiders ( Ona: Nectivorous )

Habitat uye Kutama:

Rufous hummingbirds ndiyo yakanyanya kunyanya hummingbird marudzi muNorth America. Kubereka kwavo kunowedzera kuPacific Northwest, kumavirira kweCanada uye kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweAlaska. Nyeredzi dzinosarudza miti yakasanganiswa kana yakasanganiswa nemasimusi , mapaki emapuranga kana emashure, kazhinji ane maruva akawanda kana mashizha emasango ayo ari kumucheto maruva meadows.

Mumazuva echinyakare, anowanzoonekwa mumhenderekedzo yegungwa, asi muzhizha uye panguva yekudonha kutama, ivo vanozivikanwa zvikuru mumakomo ezvikomo, kupedzisa dunhu regore negore rose ravo rokumusoro. Munguva yechando, shiri dzinoenda kumaodzanyemba kweMexico. Nhamba yakawanda yehupenzi hummingbirds yakave yakatarwa kumabvazuva nekumaodzanyemba kweUnited States panguva yekufamba kwavo uye inogona kudarika ipapo, kunyanya mumakore akare kana kana pane zvakawanda zvekuwedzera kuwedzerwa zvokudya zvekudya. Shiri dzinopedzisa kubuda kubva kumaodzanyemba kweAlaska kusvika kumaodzanyemba kweMexico dzine nzira yakakura kupfuura dzose yekufamba-famba yemhando ipi neipi ye hummingbird , rwendo rumwe chete rwendo kusvika kusvika mazana matatu nemazana matatu.

Vocalizations:

Rufous hummingbirds ine mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzepamusoro-soro, dzinomhanya-mhanya, dzinobatanidza uye dzinokurudzira mazwi ayo anowanzowanzovhiringidza. Mapapiro awo anoitawo ruzha rukuru pakundiza, kunyanya kubuda.

Maitiro:

Rufous hummingbirds ndeyezvisikwa zvega uye zvinodzivirira zvikuru uye zvine utsinye pedyo nevadyi, kunyanya panguva yekufamba. Izvo shiri dzinofamba dzichidzingirira uye dzichitevera dzimwe hummingbirds, zvipembenene zvakakura uye mbira dzenziyo, uye dzinotoratidza zvirwere zvinotyisa pane zvimwe zvisikwa, kusanganisira squirrels, mhuka dzemhuka uye vanhu.

Zvinotyisa zvinosanganisira kuveza, muswe mhepo uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvinoratidzwa. Kuti uchengetedze vashandi, rufous hummingbirds inosvika panzvimbo yakakwirira, yakazaruka kana isingadi kudya. Pavanenge vachichengetedza zvipembenene, vanogona kutora nyama kubva kune zvigunwe zvebhupia kana kubata zvipembenene mumhepo.

Kubereka:

Rufous hummingbirds is polygamy uye ichabatana nevanobatana navo, nevarume vanoidza vakadzi vane mazamu kana ma-shaped dive uye zviratidzo zvekutsvaga-chifananidzo-8. Mukadzi anovaka dendere rakafanana nekapu yezvirimwa pasi uye saridhiya yekasi yakarongedzwa nemass, lichen uye bark, inowanzoiswa yakakwirira semamita makumi matatu mumuti. Anobereka 1-2 broods ye 2-3 mazai mavara machena imwe neimwe panguva yekubereka, uye inobata mazai kwemazuva 12-14. Mushure mekuvhara, musikana anotarisira vana vemazuva makumi maviri nemasere, kusvikira vasvika kubva mudendere.

Vanhurume havana basa munharaunda-kuvaka, mazai evha kana chick care.

Rufous hummingbirds yakanyorwa sekusvibiswa neAnmingbirds yaAna , calliope hummingbirds uye Allen's hummingbirds.

Kukwezva Kunonyadzisa Hummingbirds:

Rufous hummingbirds inowanzowanika mumashure emaguta akasvibirirwa nemaruva matsvuku, tubular uye maruva akanaka anokonzera maruva. Nyeredzi dzinodya zviri nyore kubva kune vanofudza hummingbird, kunyange zvazvo shiri dzinosvika kumashure dzinofunga kushandisa shanduro dzakawanda kuti dzideredze kushungurudzika kweshiri. Kusiya mapepa anowanika kunogonawo kubatsira kukurudzira vanyengeri, sezvavanenge vaine nzvimbo yakanaka yekuzorora uye tarisa ndima yavo. Kuderedza kushandiswa kwezvipembenene kuchaita kuti mapuroteni akawanda awane hummingbirds.

Kuchengetedza:

Rufous hummingbirds haisi kutyisidzirwa kana kuisa pangozi. Vanokonzerwa nemhuka dzinopisa hummingbird uye kurasikirwa kwemunharaunda, zvisinei, kunyanya munzvimbo dzavo dzekudyara muPacific Northwest, uko kuongororwa kunoratidza kuenderera mberi kwevanhu vanorambidzwa, kunyange zvazvo zvishoma nezvishoma zvisati zvichikonzera kukanganisa kwakanyanya. Kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inogona kukanganisa zvokudya uye kugadzira hummingbird minda yekutsigira shiri kumativi ese inyanzvi yekuchengetedza.

Nyeredzi dzakafanana:

Hummingbird yaEllen ( Selasphorus sasin )
Broad-Tailed Hummingbird ( Selasphorus platycercus )
Calliope Hummingbird ( Stellula calliope )