Red Crossbill (Common Crossbill) Nhoroondo

Mutsara wepepuru unosvika 8-9 inonyatsozivikanwa, uye mberi kwekutsvaga kunogona kuratidza mamwe marudzi akawanda. Zvinoratidza kusiyana kwakasiyana mumutsetse wekodhi, rwiyo, maruva, zvido zvemuti uye ukuru, uye zvinokwanisika kuti shiri iyi imwe zuva ichaparadzaniswa kuva marudzi akasiyana-siyana.

Zita Rinozivikanwa: Red Crossbill, Common Crossbill, Crossbill

Scientific Name : Loxia curvirostra

Scientific Family :

Kuonekwa:

• Bhiri : Dzvuku, rakakomberedzwa, mazano akayambuka pamusoro pomumwe
• Kukura : 5.5-7.5 masendimita yakareba uye mapapiro 10-11-inch, kuvakwa kwemasango, musoro mukuru, mutsipa wakaoma, mapapiro marefu, asina kuve muswe
• Makore : Tsvuku, gorofu, mutsvuku, zhizha, muorivhi, tsvuku, buff, chena
• Zvinyorwa : Dimorphic species. Vanhurume vane zvidhinha zvidhinha kana zvitsvuku-macoramusi ne grey kushambwa pamatoro uye auriculars, uye mamwe maguru angaratidza pamativi. Mapapiro aya madema uye muswe mutsvuku. Izvo zvipfeko zvinotakura zvinenge zvakachena-grey nemasvikiro masikati kana kutarisa. Mukadzi ndeyemorivhi-mashizha ane mararamiro kana kuti akachena nehuro uye chiedza chinonzi yellow rump. Pamusoro pemadzimai maviri, maziso ari madema uye makumbo nemakumbo madema-grey.
  
  Vatongi vemahara uye vanoratidzira ruzivo rwepamusoro nepamusoro, kunyange ruzivo rwacho rungaratidzika rune simba pane zvakasvibirira zvakasvibirira kana zvinoputika pasi. Dzimwe shiri shiri dzinowanzoratidza zviratidzo zviviri zviduku. Pakutanga zvikwereti zvavo zvakananga, asi vanotanga kukudziridza chimiro chechikafu pavanenge vhiki dzevhiki 4-5. Sezvavanokura, mavhiri anofanana nevakuru vechikadzi, uye varume vaduku vanozoita kusanganiswa kwechitsvuku uye tsvuku pamapapiro avo sezvavanoramba vachikura.

Zvokudya : Mbeu, buds, zvipembenene, mambukira, maruva ( Ona: Kurumbidza )

Habitat uye Kutama:

Izvo zvipfeko zvinokonzerwa zviri mumusha mumasango e-coniferous kana musanganiswa. Ivo vakapararira kuburikidza neNorth America, Europe neEsia, uye kazhinji havatendeuki. Zvitsvuku zvitsvuku zvinogona kunge zvakasvibiswa kana dzichitsvaga michero yakawanda yezviyo, zvisinei, uye kana zvirimwa zvakashata, shiri idzi dzinopisa .

Kunyange pasina kusvibiswa kwakapararira, zvishomanana zvinowanzoonekwa zvingangodaro zvinyorwa pasi kumaodzanyemba kwezvakatarirwa kune imwe nguva yechando.

Izvo shiri dzinopoteredza vagari vemasango eCanada kubva kumaodzanyemba kweAlaska kumabvazuva kusvika kuNewfoundland neRabrador, uye nzvimbo yavo yekuNorth America inowedzera kumaodzanyemba kuburikidza nechekumadokero kweMedy Mountain Mitsuwa uye pakati peMexico kusvika kuHonduras. Zvitsvuku zvitsvuku zvinowanikwa munzvimbo dzakafanana uye munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana muEurope neAsia, kusanganisira Scandinavia, Spain, Turkey neIndia, kunyange zvazvo vanhu vayo kumaodzanyemba kunowedzera kuputsika uye kurega. Munguva yekuchera kwezhizha, inowedzera kupararira muSiberia yose, uye munguva yechando vamwe vanhu veAsia vanoenda kuJapan nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweChina. Saizvozvowo, dzimwe dzinhizha dzechando muNorth America dzakapararira muUnited States yose, kunyange zvazvo dzisipo kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwenyika uye kumaodzanyemba kweTexas.

Vocalizations:

Tsvuku dzepamberi dzinoshevedza kakawanda mukubhururuka nemashoko anonakidza ekurira. Rwiyo rwavo rwakafanana rwuri kurwisana, kurongedza kurongeka kwemasvondo 3-4-2 kana 4-4-2, kushandura kumira, kusanganisa uye hutsika hudiki zvishoma nechikamu chimwe chezvikamu.

Maitiro:

Izvozvi shiri dzinowanzoonekwa muzvikamu zviviri kana mapoka maduku.

Paanenge achigadzira zvinhu, anorema uye anogrobatic, achikwira pamusoro pepaini yepine kana kutarisana nepamusoro apo achishandisa zvose tsoka dzavo uye zvikwereti kuti vabate. Vanosungira mari yavo mumutsetse kuti vamanikidze zviyero zvekoni, uye vanoshandisa nendimi kuti vashandise mbeu mumiromo yavo.

Aya mazambuko achashanyirawo marara emunyu uye anowanzoonekwa kumativi emigwagwa yekumaruwa munguva yechando, uko vangave vachiunganidza munyu kana grit.

Kubereka:

Aya ndiwo shiri dzisingabviri . Mukadzi anovaka chikafu chinoputika, chakaita mukombe achishandisa mashizha, uswa uye bark, achiputira kapu nemaruva akanaka, moss uye fur. Dendere racho rakasimwa kusvika pamasita makumi mana kusvika pamasere kumusoro, rakavanzwa muboka remapine pine zvakanaka kubva pamuti wemuti. Iyo mazai akafanana-akadzika akareba akachena kana kuti akajeka bhuruu kana kuti ruvara, uye anoratidzwa nemitsetse yakaisvonaka kana madhekisi muvaraidza kana mashizha epepuru.

Maitiro anowanzotariswa pamucheto mukuru weii.

Mukadzi wacho anobata mazai kwemazuva 12-18, panguva iyo mukomana anounza zvokudya. Mushure mokunge vana vemazino vachingopera, mukomana anoenderera mberi achidyisa mukadzi kwemazuva mashomanana apo zvikuku zviduku zvikuru uye zvinotambudza, asi sezvavanokura vose vabereki vanochera kudyisa vana. Pane mazai 2-5 mumukomana , uye vaviri vari vaviri vanogona kusimudza 1-2 broods gore negore.

Nemhaka yokuti mitsvuku yakasvibirira inobva kune zvikafu zvinovaka zvekudya kuti vadye vana vavo, vanogona kutanga kubereka kunotanga munaJanuary kana kutanga kwaFebruary apo mbeu dzekudya dzakakura.

Kukwezva Red Crossbills:

Izvi zvinogona kuva nechido pamusoro pevanhu uye zvichashanyira zvivako zvekudya uko mafuta emafuta e-sunflower aripo. Nezvikwereti zvavo zvine simba, zvinokwanisawo nyore kupinda mumiti yakakura yemaruva ezuva.

Kudyara miti yemazambiringa yakagara mujare kunobatsirawo kutema shiri idzi. Chine-inobereka zvakasiyana-siyana zvefir, spruce, hemlock uye pine zvinonyanya kukosha.

Kuchengetedza:

Kunyange zvazvo shiri idzi dzisingatarisirwi kutyisidzirwa kana kuisa pangozi, dziri pangozi yekurasikirwa kwekugara munzvimbo umo kugadzira uye kugadzirwa kuri kuderedza minda. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, vari kurasikirwa nechikafu chekutumira squirrels.

Chinonyanya kunetseka ndechokuti kana shiri idzi dzichiparadzaniswa kuva marudzi akasiyana-siyana, zvipfeko zvemuchinjikwa zvine mitsara yakasununguka kana zvidikanwi zvekugara zvekugara zvinogona kuonekwa sekutyisidzirwa kana kuti pangozi. Nemhaka yeiyo, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi kuti shiri idzi dzinodzivirirwa mumativi ose ehupenyu hwavo.

Nyeredzi dzakafanana :

• White-Winged Crossbill ( Loxia leucoptera )
• Parrot Crossbill ( Loxia pytyopsittacus )
• Scottish Crossbill ( Loxia scotica )
• Hispaniolan Crossbill ( Loxia megaplaga )
• Pine Grosbeak ( Pinicola enucleator )

Mufananidzo - Red Crossbill - Murume © Jason Crotty