Colaptes auratus
Nzvimbo yekuchamhembe inoputika ndiyo yakaparadzirwa zvikuru North America , uye imwe yeiyo yakasiyana zvikuru nemakete ayo. Iro subspecies yayo miviri-yakatsvuka-shafted uye yakatsvuka-yakatsvuka-yakanga yakasiyana-siyana yemhuka kusvikira yakabatanidzwa muma1980. Ava vabati vematanda vanozivikanwawo sehurumende yeAlbama .
Zita Rinozivikanwa: Northern Flicker, Yellow-Shafted Flicker, Red-Shafted Flicker, Western Flicker, Eastern Flicker, Golden-Winged Woodpecker, Yellowhammer
Scientific Name : Colaptes auratus
Scientific Family : Picidae
Kuonekwa uye Kuziva
Kubhururuka kweNyakadzi kunonzwisisika kuburikidza neminda yavo yemashamba uye mavara akashinga, kunyange zvazvo kumabvazuva kwechipiri (yellow-shafted) uye kumadokero kumhepo-mhepo (red-shafted) vane kusiyana kwakasiyana. Kana imwe nguva shiri dzinodzidza masvingo makuru emiti, zvisinei, vanogona kuvimba nehutano kuti ava mapurpeckers vane kungoona.
- Bill : Zuva, rima, rakanyanyisa
- Kukura : 13-14 masendimita yakareba nemaapapiro 20-inch, mapapiro akafara
- Makore : Grey, tani, madema, mutsvuku, machena, machena, tsvuku, salmoni
- Zvinyorwa : Varume vane tani uye vhudzi musoro, vane shiri dzine tsvuku dzakaita ruvara rutsvuku rwemaruva uye nyeredzi-shafted dzine ruvara rwemala machena uye tsvuku nape patch. Musana nemapapiro zvine tani nemhando yakasviba kana shallops, uye white rump inonyatsooneka mubhururuka. Iko kunzvimbo dzepamusoro dzakachena nemuchena mutsvuku, uye mitsipa mikukutu, miviri yakagadzirirwa yakasviba pamusoro uye inenge yakatsvuka kana yerozha pasi. Kuputika kune machena-machena nemavara madema uye chimiro chakakurumbira chakave chakaita sendima yakasviba pazamu. Muchienda, mhepo yakatsvuka inoputika inoratidzira maruva anovaraidza, asi shiri dzinobhururuka dzinoratidza ruvara rwezuva. Vakadzi vane zviratidzo zvakafanana kune vanhurume asi vasingadi marapi. Shiri dzechiduku dzinofanana nevakuru, asi vana vechidiki vane mavara machena machena.
Zvokudya, Zvokudya uye Zvokushandisa
Kufanana nehuni dzose dzekuveza, kuchamhembe kweflickers kunokanganisa kudya kwavo nguva nenguva zvichienderana nezvokudya zvipi zviripo pane zvavanokwanisa. Zvinonyanya kusvibisa , asiwo kudya michero yakasiyana, mbeu nemaruva zvichienderana nemwaka uye kuwanikwa.
Habitat uye Kutama
Nharaunda yekuchamhembe inowanikwa mumasango akazaruka, masango emiti, matongo nemapaki emumaguta, minda nemashure.
Izvozvi shiri dzinowanikwa gore rose kumativi ose kondinendi United States, nechepakati peMexico uye kumahombekombe eBritish Columbia, asi inoshaya kubva kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweTexas neArizona, kuchamhembe kweMidwest uye nechokumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero. Muzhizha, hutori hwekuveza hunoenderera mberi hunoenda kuchamhembe kunosanganisira vazhinji veCanada neAlaska kunze kwepamusoro-soro tundra nzvimbo, uye munguva yechando vanowanikwa zvakadzika kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States.
I-subspecies yechizha yakawanda inowanikwa munzvimbo dzekumabvazuva nechepakati pezveruzhinji, uyewo yose yeCanada. Mhepo inoputika-mutsvuku inowanikwa kune imwe nzvimbo kumadokero kwemazera uye kuchamhembe neBritish Columbia. Pazviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki, kumativi ekumusoro kwekuchamhembe kwakanyorwa sekune shiri dzinogara dziri kuchamhembe kweEurope.
Vocalizations
Idzi ndidzo shiri dzinofanirwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Kubaya "kyeeer" kudana kunotiyeuchidza mavanga asi ane nguva shoma. Inzwi guru, rakasimba, kunyange "wik-wik-wik-wik" runhare runowanikawo. Paanenge achidha , ava vane mapurisa vane kunyange, nguva inokurumidza inotora 1-2 seconds.
Maitiro
Izvo izvi zvinokonzera miti, zvisingafani nemhando dzakawanda dzemiti, dzinoshandiswa kukura pasi kune zvipembenene uye mhuka dzesango, uye mutsara wavo unobatsira kukunda masvosve 'achini kudzivirirwa.
Nzvimbo dzekuchamhembe dzinofambisa pasi kana kubatisisa kumapapu apasi kana pasi peti miti, uye kana yakasvibiswa, inowanzoonekwa mune imwe nzvimbo inowanzozivikanwa kune vapastin kupfuura miti yehuni, kunyange zvazvo inogona kumira pamwe chete. Panguva yekukwikwidzana, ivo vari kushingaira uye kuvhiringidzika, uye kuendesa kwavo kusinganzwisisiki nemapapiro ekurumidza uye mapfupi anosiyana nokuti anonyatsoratidza maitiro avo akashinga.
Kubereka
Izvi ndezvisizvo shiri uye vabereki vose vanochera chidziro chakakodzera chokugara kana kuronga dendere nezvinhu zvishoma. Kubhururuka kweNyakadzi kunowanzoshandisa dzimba dzekudenga kana kutora masango asina kusiyiwa e kingfisher kana bhange swallows. Mhuri imwe neimwe ine 3-12 mavara-mavara akafanana, mazai akachena machena, uye mapoka maviri ekuchamhembe ari kumaodzanyemba achaisa 1-2 broods pagore, nechechi yechipiri inowanzoonekwa nechekumaodzanyemba.
Vabereki vaviri vanobatanidza mazai kwemazuva 12-15, uye vose vari vaviri vachabata makiriko kwemazuva 25-28 mushure mokunge vabuda.
Munharaunda iyo ma-subspecies maviri akasiyana-siyana, huwandu hunowanzonyorwa. North flickers ichagadzirisawo nechekucheka kwechidimbu kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kweUnited States.
Kushanyira Northern Flickers
Munharaunda yakakodzera, kuchamhembe flickers kunofadza kushanyira magadhi anodzivirira zvinopisa mishonga uye kushandiswa kwezvipembenene kuitira kuti kune dzimwe nyuchi uye mhembwe dziripo zvekudya. Vaya vane mapuranga vanozoitawo dzimwe nguva kushandisa dzimba huru dzechikara , uye vachashanyira mabhati ekudyisa. Kusiya miti yakafa uye stumps inogadzikana ichapa zvose zvekudyisa uye nzvimbo dzekugara. Izvozvi shiri dzichakurumidza kuenda kune vanofambisa apo suet , nuts uye mbeu yakasvibirira yezuva inonzi sunflower inowanikwa.
Kuchengetedza
Nepo kumhanya kwekumusoro kusingatariswi kutyisidzirwa kana kuisa pangozi, vanhu vayo vari kuramba vachiderera mumakumi emakore apfuura. Chikonzero chikuru chekuderera uku kunofungidzirwa kuva makwikwi anobva kuEurope nyanzvi kune nzvimbo dzakanakisisa dzekugara, uye miti yehuni inowanzorasikirwa kune shiri dzinotyisa dzinoparadza . Pasinei nekuderera uku, zvakadaro, rutivi rwakapararira rwakapararira rwakapararira rwunoita kuti ruregere kupona.
Nyeredzi dzakafanana
- Yakasimbiswa Flicker ( Colaptes chrysoides )
- Campo Flicker ( Colaptes campestris )
- Red-Bellied Woodpecker ( Melanerpes carolinus )