Mhando dze Apple Trees

Ndiani anotaura kuti zvishongo chete zvinogona kushandiswa mukugadzira nyika? Apple miti ( Malus spp. ) Yakaita seyakanaka muchitsva semiti chero ipi zvayo yakashongedzwa yemiti. Asi kusiyana nemashizha, vachakupai kukohwa kunonaka kwemichero. Uye iwe uchakwanisa kunakidzwa nezvibereko izvi zvitsva kubva pamiti (kana inonaka zvakanaka).

Uyewo haasi nzvimbo inoshandisa miti yemapuro zvishoma kusvika pakukura kwayo nguva. Mutsara wemiti yemapuro inogona kuita sechinhu chinonakidza chinyararire chinyararire zvose zhizha nekuwa, asi zvichinyatsobuda.

Kana kuti zvichida iwe unenge uine feni yega yega, asi inoita seyakashayiwa, uye iwe unoda kuupfeka. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeapuro dzinogona kushanda se "chipfeko," dzakadzidziswa pamwe nefence yako mune unyanzvi hunozivikanwa se espalier. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana (mamita mashanu kusvika kureba) nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzedenga (mamita gumi nematanhatu pakureba) zvirimwa zviri nani kune espalier kupfuura maapulo akareba (20-30 mamita akareba).

Asi hazvirevi pamhando dzakasiyana-siyana kuti dzive dzakasimba semhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro. Kune mwene weimba anorarama munzvimbo yekudyara nzvimbo 3 , somuenzaniso, zvichida yakachengetedzeka kukudzivirira kusarudzwa kwako kumitemo. Vaya venyu, zvisinei, avo vanogara mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanirwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana vanofanira kushandisa: Haufaniri kumirira kwenguva yakareba yezvibereko zvakakura zvemichero (makore mashoma) mushure mekudyara sezvinodiwa (makore mashanu kana matanhatu ). Cherechedza, zvisinei, kuti kuwedzera kune apuro muti wakasiyana-siyana, zvimwe zviitiko zvinokurukurwa munyaya ino zvine hupenyu hwekutora nguva yakareba sei kuti matavi emapuropu ako matsva atange kudzvinyirirwa pasi pekutakurwa kwezvirimwa zvakakura.

Kusarudza Mhando dzakasiyana dzeMiti Miti: Mamiriro okunze uye Mafuta

Kunze kwekufungidzirwa kwemazana akasiyana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, chinhu chekutanga unofanira kuita kuti usarudze pamusoro pemhando yemiti yemapuro iwe uri kukura ndeyekuti uone kuti iwe unosarudza marudzi akakura zviri nani munzvimbo yako. Nzvimbo yako yekodzero yekufambisa ofisi inokwanisa kukupa ruzivo urwu.

Izvi zvinotevera mienzaniso yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana munharaunda ye3-8, iyo inowedzera zhinji dzeEastre States, kunze kwekumaodzanyemba nyika (maapuro ndiwo mbeu dzeNorth nemasikirwo kubva pane zvavanoda)

• Chikafu chinonaka
• Cortland
• Haralred
• Honeycrisp

Mushure mokunge maziva kuti ndeapi mhando yemiti yemapuro iwe unogona kukura, mubvunzo unova weavo waunoda kukura. Nokuda kwechikamu ichi chokusarudza miti yemapuro, unotanga kuvimba nechepakati pane zvekare zvakanaka mazai ako ekare. Muenzaniso wezvibereko kubva kumhando yemiti yemapuro iwe unofunga kuti unogona kuda iwe usati wazvipira kudyara. Chimbofunga zvose kutora-kureva, kutapira kana tartness-uye kugadzirwa (vamwe vedu tinonyanya kufarira pamusoro pekucheka kwechibereko pane chinonaka). Zvechokwadi, zvinotarisirwawo kuti iwe ungave uchivadya sei. Kana iwe uri kufunga maererano nemagetsi, izvo zvinogona kureva kusarudza mhando dzakasiyana kubva pane zvaunosarudza zvekudya kwakachena. Heano mimwe mienzaniso:

• Kune chibereko chinotapira, kukura Honeycrisp.
• Kune chibereko chetart, kukura Granny Smith.
• Kune michero yakaoma, kukura Macoun.
• Nokugadzira mapepa, kukura Northern Northern, Liberty, uye Golden Delicious.

Kusarudza Apple Miti: Kusiyana Kurwisana Nezvirwere

Asi kwete isu tose tinoda kuregera kuravira kwedu, ndoga kuita sarudzo kwatiri.

Kune vamwe vedu, nguva inogona kunge yakatanga. Kana izvi zvichitsanangurira iwe, zvino kukura zvirimwa zvakaderera-kugadzirisa zvinogona kuva zvakakosha. Zvimwe zvirwere zvemaapuro zvinodzivirira zvirwere zvinogona kutakura zuva pamusoro pemhando dzakada kutsvaira. Zvirwere zvina zvinowanzosangana nemapula miti: moto chinopisa , aple ganda, cedar aple rust, uye powdery mildew . Izvozvi ndezvimwe mhando yemiti yemapuro inopa zvimwe zvidziviriro kune zvirwere izvi, kuderedza kudiwa kwekuperesa:

• Bhizimisi
• Rusununguko
• Rusununguko
• Redfree

Paridzai Kukohwa ne "Kutengesa"

Chikamu chemufaro wokukura miti yemapuro pfuma yako inobva pakumhanyira mumuchero unotemwa. Nokudaro kutora chibage chakakura kubva mumunda wako wemichero pakuwa, kudya michero shomanana yemichero, nekuchengetedza vamwe vose zvishoma kukunda chinangwa chokukura chibereko chinonaka.

Pane nzira iri nani: kutengesa mbeu yako.

Noku "kudengenyeka" mbeu yako, zvinorevei kukura miti yemapula iyo inotanga-nguva yechimiro, ma-season-bloomers, uye nguva yekupera-yegore. Nokutora nzira iyi nezvirimwa zvako, hazvisi nyore kuti iwe unomanikidzwa kuchengetedza zvizhinji zvezvibereko zvako. Panzvimbo yekuva nehuwandu hwezvibereko zvitsva zvose panguva imwe chete, kukohwa kwako kuchaparadzirwa kwemaawa matatu, uye kuwedzerwa kunogadziriswa kunopedza kudya panguva imwe neimwe yekukohwa. Kukura miti yemapuro inoshandisa nzira yakadzama kunobatsirawo nzvimbo yako yekugadzirisa maitiro: Sezvo maruva eboka rimwe akaparara, mumwe achatora chando, achiwedzera ruvara kudivi rako. Ngatitarisei mumienzaniso yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana kubva pakuzorora kwegore:

Mhando dzinotevera dzinotanga mangwanani:

• Beacon
• Ginger Gold
• Yakashata
• State Fair

Mhando dzinotevera dzinenge dzichikura pakati pemwaka:

• Cortland
• Gala
• Honeycrisp
• Rusununguko
• McIntosh

Mhando dzinotevera dzinopera shure:

• Chikafu chinonaka
• Haralred
• Northern Spy
• Roma

Zvibereko Zvisina Kurambidzwa

Kunyangwe iwe ukasarudza kushandisa nzira yakaderera, iwe uchiri kudyara michina miviri kana kupfuura iyo inokura panguva imwechete mune imwe neimwe yepurasi. Sei? Zvakanaka, usakanganwa "shiri uye nyuchi." Hungu, isu tiri kutaura pamusoro pepabonde: kupora.

Maapuro mazhinji haafariri nezvekudzivirira, inoda miti yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana emupurogiramu (kunyange pamwe chete, kusvibiswa kunoramba kuchikwirira kana kunobva kune imwe yakasiyana). O, nenzira, maapuro haataridzi pasi pasi netsoka pazviputi, sekunge kuti iyo yekupedzisira yakanga isiri "chaiyo" maapuro. Aiwa, maapuro dzimwe nguva anoda chaizvo kuve nemapurini nevanasikana vavo. Izvi zvinokupa ruzivo rwakanyanya maererano nesarudzo dzezvirimwa.

Nyevero shomanana, zvisinei, tisati taenda munyaya yekusarudza:

• Mhando yemamwe marudzi eapuro haina kuoma, saka usavimba neiyi semapollinator yako. Mienzaniso ndeye Jonagold, Mutsu, Stayman, uye Winesap.
• Kuendeswa kwepenene kubva kune rimwe raapuro rinova kune rimwe rinonyanya basa renyuchi. Saka chenjerera kuti usashandise mishonga inopera munguva yekukura, kana kuti iwe uchauraya nyuchi uye urasikirwe nemararamiro ako akanaka ekugogodza.

Kudyara Apple Trees

Nzvimbo yakanakisisa yekudyara miti yemapuro inzvimbo ine ivhu rakapfuma, rakanyoroveswa uye yakawanda yezuva. Kuvadyara kwavanowana mangwanani-ngwanani zuva kunobatsira kuderedza mikana yekuwana pesdery mildew chirwere, sezvinongovawana panzvimbo imwe nepamhepo inoparadzirwa.

Mutsutso wekutanga ndiyo nguva yakanaka yekudyara miti yemapuro muNorth. MuSouth, kuwira ingangodaro nguva yakanakisisa yekudyara: Midzi ichave yakasimbiswa apo gore rinotevera rinotenderera, zvichipa mapuroti enyu musoro wokutanga.

Mukugadzirisa, bvisa masora uye uswa kuti uite denderedzwa risina chitunha chekugadzirwa kwega kwega, anenge mamita mana muhupamhi. Dambudziko rako rekutanga mumapuroti Kutarisira mushure mokuunza michero yako kumba kubva kuchirairi ichave ichichengetedza midzi yawo yakanyorova, zvose uye mushure mekunge maisa pasi. Kusvitsa midzi yavo mumvura kwemaminitsi makumi matatu vasati vadyara ndiyo imwe nhanho yekutanga. Kana midzi ichiita yakaomeswa, ewedzera kuti inopera nguva kusvika maawa makumi maviri nemaviri kuitira kuti uvamutsire.

Apo iwe unoita rwendo urwu kumaruwa ako ekwaunharaunda kuti utenge michero, tsvaga isina-midzi yezvakawanda, rimwe remakore-rimwe chete. Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sokuti iwe uri kutora chikamu chakanaka (nokuti mbeu yacho yakakura), rega usasima miti yemapulo inopfuura makore matatu. Miti mitsva iri nyore kuwanika.

Kuchera Hole, Kuisa Zvokudya Zvako

Tanga kuchera gomba rinopetwa kaviri pakureba kwemidzi, uye pamusoro petsoka zvakadzika. Paunofunga kuti iwe unenge wakadzika wegomba pamusoro pezvakarurama, wakaparadzira midzi mubako uye uongorore huwandu hweBud union (bud bud union ndiyo iyo scion inosangana nemudziro wekugadzirisa ). Izvo zvinangwa zvichave kuva neBud union yakakwidzwa pamusoro pe 2 masendimita kumusoro kwepasi.

Iwe hausi kuti bud inobatanidzwa pane yakaderera, pane zvikonzero zviviri. Chokutanga pane zvose, izvo zvinoda kukoka korona kuora. Chechipiri, kana iwe uri kukura uwandu hwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, haufariri kuti scion ibude uye ive yakasimba. Iwe unoda midzi kuti igare yakakosha shamwari sezvo inodzora mushizha wemuti.

Isa mvura sezvaunozadza gomba zvakare nevhu, kubvisa mapegi emhepo. Wedzera ivhu kushandurwa panguva imwe chete. Ino ndiyo nguva yekuisa murindi wevharuki akapoteredza chitunha chemapurisa ako, achiita kuti igare yakasimba anenge masendimita gumi kumusoro kwepasi. Mvura zvakare zvakare mushure mokunge kupera kwapera. Kuti ubatsire kuchengetedza zvimwe zvekunyorovesa (uyewo chengetai masora uye uswa kubva pakusimudza shure), sungirira chakakomberedza muti wacho kusvika pakadzika 2-3 masendimita.

Mazano ekudhura Apple miti

Mukugadzira miti yako kuti uedze kuvapa mhando yakanaka uye yakarongeka, iwe uri kunyanya kutarisa kune mutungamiri uye pakugadzira matavi akanaka emukati (iyo miviri mikuru inokura kubva kumativi edu). Chimwe chinangwa chekuzvigadzirisa ndechekuita kuti aeration yakanaka. Ikozvino, kana mhepo inoparadzanisa zvakasununguka mumatavi ose, pane mikana shomanana yechinetso nehupodaviry mildew chirwere. Kuchengeta kunodzivirirawo kukura kwavo, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kwauri kuti uuye kwavari kuti uzvichengete.

Asi pane imwe chinangwa pakuchekerera. Matavi anofanira kuve akadzidziswa kugadzira mazenga achavabatsira kuti vabve kure neganda vachichengetedza simba rakakwana kutakura michero yakaoma michero. Izvi zvinonzi "kupararira." Uye kutaura nezvekutakura, tenda kana kwete, kunogona kuva chinhu chakadai se "maapuro mazhinji kwazvo." Paunenge wakamirira muti wako muduku kuti ubereke chero michero zvachose, izvi zvingasaita sechinetso. Asi chinetso ichocho, uye chinotarisirwa kuburikidza nehutano hunozivikanwa se "kuponda."

Kunyanya kunokurudzira kukura kwezvibereko zvakakura, kunovandudza gore rinouya richikura, uye kunoderedza mikana yemakumbo inobvisa. Kugadzirisa mabasa pamatanho maviri: ruzivo ruzivo nebazi rebazi. Apple maruva inoumba musumbu, yakaumbwa nezvibereko zvishanu kana zvitanhatu zvingagona. Iwe unoda kuonda izvozvi kusvika kune rimwe chibereko, kamwechete apo mwana maapuro akazosvika pamusoro pehukuru hwemarble. Panozivi rebazi, bvisa michero yakawanda kuitira kuti maapulo akasara akaparadzana anenge mamita mana kubva kune imwe.

Kunyange kana iwe uine zvirwere zvinopesana nehutachiona, iwe uchiri kunetseka nezvezvipembenene zviduku. Kurwisana nezviyero, mite, uye hove, spray a horticultural mafuta pamapuro miti mushure mekunge mazaya azere apfuura. Mushure mokudaro, tsvina mazuva ose gumi nemasere kusvika muzhizha. Pamapunguti eapuro , makodhi, chunera, michero yakawanda, nemapurcucuos ma plum chengetedza newaunogara mahofisi ekuwedzera ehofisi yepamusoro pesticidhe yekushandisa munharaunda yako. Vamwe varimi vemiti yemapuro vari kuedza nemafuta emu neem semhando yehupenyu ye curculio control.

Mhepo ndiyo inotevera muvengi mukuru wemiti yemapuro, mushure mezvirwere uye zvipembenene.