Nzira Yokukura nayo Violas Munda Wemumba

I National Gardening Bureau yakasarudza violas semaruva avo egore ra2007. Violas uye pasies zvakadaro zvinotsigirwa nevakasununguka kuti varimi vakawanda vanovatora vasingabatsiri uye vanofunga kuti vanoziva zvose pane kuziva pamusoro pavo. Ichokwadi, violas zviri nyore kuchengetedza mbeu. Asi munyika yekurima, hapana chinomira. Mitsva yakasiyana-siyana ye violas iri kuiswa nemirairo yakasimba uye maruva makuru anoramba achiwedzera.

Kunyangwe zviri nani, zvinoratidza kutonhora kwakanaka uye kushivirira kwekutonhora kupfuura marudzi akasiyana-siyana akajeka atinoziva nawo.

Viola, Pansy, Johnny-Jump-Up?

Viola ndiro zita rejusive rine mbeu dzinenge mazana mashanu dzakasiyana. Zvizhinji zve violas zvirimwa muminda zvinowedzerwa segore rimwechete kana kuti nguva pfupi inogara. Zvisinei, vazhinji vanozvida-mbeu uye vanokupai makore anofara.

• Zvakanaka Zvitsva - Zvizhinji zvemazuva ano violas zvakabva kuViola odorata, Sweet Violet. Sweet violets ichokwadi perennials. Iwe uchagumburwa pavari zvisingatarisirwi muminda uye mashizha uye unovaziva kamwechete nemusoro wavo, kunhuhwira kunotapira nekudzika violet ruvara.
• Bindu Violas - Iyo violas yakadyarwa kushandiswa kwemunda ndeyekuti:
  • Viola tricolor / Johnny-Jump-Up - a-seed-seeding asingagari nemaruva akakura-nickel akaiswa ruvara rwepepuru, ruvara nemuchena.
  • Viola cornuta / Tufted kana Horned Violets - Kuparadzira perennials ne rosette yemashizha akavezwa nemaruva 1 ½ inch mumaruva akasiyana-siyana nemirazi kana mitsetse mumumvuri wakadzika kana wakasiyana. V. cornuta inogona kunge isina kunyange nekunhuhwirira. Miti yacho inogona kuwana 6-10 masendimita yakareba.
  • Viola wittrockiana / Garden Pansy - Kurarama kwenguva pfupi kusingaperi nemaruva makuru kune vakoma vake vari pamusoro. Miti yacho inokura inenge masendimita masendimita yakareba uye ine 2-3 masendimita maruva inogona kuva yakasiyana kana yakafanana. Izvi zvinowanzogadzirwa segore.

Nzira Yokukura nayo Violas

Violas inonyanya kunakidza-nguva bloomers. Izvo zvakakwana pakuvamba uye kupedza nguva yacho mumamiriro okunze akaoma uye nekukomberedza nguva mumhepo dzinotonhora, kwavanogona kuramba iri mukurumbira munguva yechando. Saka kana kudyara violas kunotarisana nemamiriro ekunze kwako.

Kutanga Violas kubva Mbeu Mukati - Violas zviri nyore kutanga kubva kumbeu.

Muzvokwadi, ivo vanofara chaizvo nega-mbeu pane rose remunda wako. Asi kana iwe uchida kutanga wako uri mumba, iyo nzira yakanyatsojeka.

Tanga mbeu mbeu inenge 4 - 6 mavhiki asati asvitsa. Violas inogona kumira pane kutonhora kunotonhora, saka kunotonhora kwemajemi vemoiri vepamera vanogona kusarudza zuva rokufambisa iro rinenge masvondo mana musati watarisira nguva yechando yekupedzisira . Vakashambadzirira vemazhizha vemazhizha vanochera mukuwa vanofanira kutanga mbeu yavo pakati pezhizha.

1. Shandisa yakasvibiswa pakubatanidzwa.
2. Gadzirai musanganise uye gadzai mazai kana mapikisi enyu kusvika anenge 1/4 masentimita pasi pekumusoro.
3. Fukidza 2-3 mbeu mune imwe sero kana muhari uye uvhare zvishoma nezvakawanda zvakasanganiswa pakugadzira. Cherechedza: Violas inoda rima kuti rikure, saka rivhare mbeu zvachose.
4. Gara ushamwari (65-70 degrees F / 18-21 degrees C) nzvimbo uye ugare wakanyorova. Pamusoro pefriji ndiyo nzvimbo yakanaka. Mbeu dzinofanira kutanga kuwedzera mumazuva gumi nemaviri.
5. Kana imwe nguva mbeu ikamera, uende navo kune rimwe hwindo rezuva kana kuti nzvimbo pasi pemagetsi emiti.
6. Kana mashizha ekutanga echokwadi achioneka, unofanira kudonha poto kana kuti sero kusvika kune yakasimba zvakanyanya kutarisa mbeu nekunyora kana kuchera vamwe kune ivhu revhu.
7. Panguva ino, utsi hwe 55-60 degrees F / 13-15 degrees C hwakanaka. Iwe unogona zvakare kutanga kudyara mbeu yako nemhando ipi zvayo yakaenzana yakakwana, yakasimwa mumvura.

Kufambisa Viola Yenyu Mbeu Kunze - Kana kutonhora uye mamiriro okunze achibvumira kubuda panze, rega mbeu dzigadziriswe kuchinje nekudziomera.

1. Enda kune mbeu kune shaded kana kuchengetedzwa nzvimbo kunze.
2. Vasiye kunze kwemaawa mana zuva rokutanga uye kuwedzera nguva kunze kwemaawa maviri zuva rega rega, zvishoma nezvishoma zvinovaendesa muchiedza. Mbeu dzichakuudza kana dzisina kufara nekuonekwa kwavo.
3. Iva nechokwadi chokuti ivhu rinoramba rakanyorova. Mhepo ine kunze inogona kuvhara mapoto nokukurumidza.
4. Mbeu inogona kuiswa mumunda kana midziyo mushure memazuva anenge gumi nemaviri ekuomesa. Ingova nechokwadi chokuti mamiriro ekunze haasi kutora kuderera. Violas inogona kumira mamwe mazaya echando, asi kwete nguva yekupera kwechando dutu.

Kutarisa-mbeu mbeu Violas kupinda mubindu - Mamiriro okunze achibvumira, unogona kutanga mbeu ye viola zvakananga mubindu.

1. Nzvimbo yakanaka yekudzura ivhu rine zvinhu zvakasikirwa inokurudzirwa.
2. Kusunungura ivhu munzvimbo yekudyara uye moisten.
3. Fukidza mbeu ye viola.
4. Dhavhara ne 1/4 ivhu uye mvura zvakanaka.
5. Chengetedza mbeu yakasviba.
6. Sezvo mbesa dzichikura, iwe unofanira kuderedza mbeu iyo inenge inenge 6-8 masendimita. Kuwedzera kudarika mbeu.

Kutenga Chivako Viola Zvitsva - Violas inowanzova mbeu dzekutanga dzinotengeswa muzvinyorwa muchitsime munzvimbo dzakanyanyisa uye pamagumo ezhizha munzvimbo dzinodziya.

1. Tsvaga michero ine utano hwakakosha nemafuta akawanda. Usave wakanyanyisa kuedzwa nemiti yakatova mu maruva. Havazogadziri nyore nyore, uye iwe uchava nenguva yakareba yechitsva kana michero iri muBhudha paakatengwa.
2. Bvisa michero ye viola kubva mumatareji emasitemu pakusimudza kusvika pasi pegiyo. Usatora violas nemashizha awo akaoma.
3. Gadzirisa zvinyoro pasi ivhu rakapoteredza midzi uye mbeu muvhu nechepamhi imwechete sezvavakanga vari muchitokisi chavo.

Mucherechedzo : Kuputika violas kunofanira kuparadzaniswa nemasendimita matanhatu kusvika ku8. Kutarisa kana kuparadzira zvakasiyana-siyana kunogona kudyara 10-12 masendimita zvakaparadzana.

Mazuva kuBloom: Violas inotanga kubuda mavhiki anenge 12-14 mushure mekudyara mbeu. V. Tricolor marudzi anotsvaira anenge masvondo maviri mberi kweV V. cornuta. 'Penny' uye 'Sorbet' ichapedza mavhiki 9-10 kubva pakudyara.

Kutarisira Violas Mumunda

Mhepo: Violas inokura zvakanakisisa kune ivhu rakapfuma, rakanyorova, rakanyoroveswa rine zvinhu zvakawanda zvehupenyu. Shandisa chirwere chinononoka-kusunungura muvhu kana uchidyara mumudziyo.

Mvura: Mvura nguva dzose, asi rega kuoma kunze kwemvura.

Zuva: Violas sezuva rakazara, asi kwete kupisa kunounza. Icho hachisi dambudziko mumhepo inotonhorera yekunaya kwemasikati, asi kana uchidyara pakuwa, iva nechokwadi chokuti vanowana mumvuri panguva inopisa kwazvo masikati. Mulch uye mvura ichabatsira kubvisa kushungurudzika kwekushisa kwepamusoro.

Maintenance:

• Kukurudzira kubhururuka nekuwedzerwa nguva yekuyerera, kubvisa kana bhudziro zvakasvibira maruva nekuvhara maruva mumucheto wemaruva.
• Iwe unogona kumutsira miti yakakura kana yakawanda kuburikidza nekudzikisa iyo kumashure kusvika anenge masendimita masere pakureba.

Zvipembenene Nezvirwere: Violas zviri nyore kukura, zvine zvirwere zvishoma kana zvinetso zvezvipembenene.

• Powdery Mildew neBotrytis (Grey Mold) - Musarega mbeu dzenyu dzigare muchitonhorera, mvura yakaoma. Ita kuti violas yako iwane yakawanda yezuva uye ine mhepo yakanaka inoparadzirwa .
• Aphids - Gezai nemvura ine simba, kana kuti, nokuda kwezvinetso zvakakomba, kubata nehutachiona sopu .

Zvimwe Zvakasarudzirwa Zvichibva kuNational Garden Bureau

• 'Helen Mount' inozivikanwa naJohnny-jump-up (Viola tricolor). Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasvibiswa zvine mapurisa zvine zviduku, 3/4-inch inopenya maruva mupepuru, lavender, uye yero. Inowanikwa nyore nyore mumbeu mapeti kubva kuzvitoro zvekutengesa uye mabhuku ekutumira tsamba, pamwe nekuvata miti kubva kumigodhi neminda. 'Helen Mount' inonyorera nyore nyore, ichibereka michero yakafanana nemichero yemubereki.
• Zvinyorwa zvekare, zvekare zveViola cornuta dzinosanganisira:
  • 'Ruby Arkwright' nemaruva akaoma-mazambiringa matsvuku uye mapurisa endarama nekugadzira.
  • 'Chantreyland' yakakurumbira pamaruva ayo makuru emuapricot.
  • 'Kuchena Kwejena,' 'Kuchena Kuchena' ne 'Blue Perfection' inonzi mavara akajeka emaruva avo. Aya marudzi ose akazaruka-mapollimini.
• Mitsva yakatsva yakazaruka yemuviri weV V. cornuta:
  • The 'Princess' uye 'Velor' series. Izvi zvinotanga kukura ne 1-inch blooms. 'Princess' inotanga mumumvuri webhuruu, ruvara rwepepuru uye ruvara uye bicolors; uye 'Velor' inowanika mu 20 mavara uye 3 mavhiri.
• Mhando dzakawanda dzakanaka dzakasvibiswa violas dzinowanikwa zvikuru sekuvata miti. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakapa munda unoshamisa, kushandiswa kwemaruva, uye kukura kwunifomu.
  • 'Sorbet ™' violas inowedzera kupfuura makumi matatu mavara anosanganisira yakanaka pastel uye maviri-tema mavara pamiti yakakonzera inosvika 6-8 inches kure.
  • 'Penny ™' violas inowanikwa mumumvuri weruvara rwebhuruu, yakadzika bhuruu, ruvara rwepepuru, violet, chena, ruvara, machena uye ruvara. Vamwe vane vhudzi uye maruva (zviso) vamwe vane bicolor. Vane bindu rinoputika tsika uye maruva anoenderera mberi.
• Muna 2006, 'Skippy ™ XL Red-Gold,' hybrid Viola cornuta, ndiyo yekutanga viola kukunda mukana weAll-America Selections pamusana pekushanda kwegindu. Iko huru, 1 1/2-inch maruva ibhii tsvuku ne violet-shaded shading pasi pegoridhe nechiso chekambani nemazita emakiti kana mavara. Iko 'Skippy ™' inotevedza ine mimwe mizhinji yakawanda, kusanganisira bicolors.
• Imwe yeiyo yakakura zvikuru inoputika violas inonzi hybrid 'Patiola®' , inobatanidza hukuru hwemuva wepansy neukuoma kwe violas. Maruva anowedzera kusvika 2 masendimita muhupamhi uye anotsvaira muhute, bhuruu, orange uye violet. Muvara mutsva munyaya dzakatevedzana ndezvitsvuku zvidhina negoridhe yellow centre.
• Kutarisa violas kune kukura kwakaderera, kupararira tsika yakakwana yekuremberedza mabhasikiti, midziyo kana kushandiswa sevhu. Kune marudzi akawanda e hybrid anowanikwa.
  • 'Erlyn' inobereka tricolor maruva uye maruva maruva anofukidza muti.
  • Iyo 'Yakanakisa' inotanga ine maruva 1-inch muchena, machena, uye bhuruu uye zhizha. Zvirimwa zvakapararira kusvika kune rimwe rutsoka pakureba.

Chigadziro Mazano

Zvitunha: Kukura kweViola, chikwata chekugadzirisa, uye nguva refu yemaruva yakakwana kune midziyo. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzakanyanyisa mukurembera mabhasikiti nekuwira pasi pamucheto wezvigadziko nemabhokisi ewindo.

Kurongedza: Mounded mbeu inogadzira kumira kwakanaka munzira kana kutsanangura muganhu webindu.

Zvirongwa zvepanyama: Violas vari pamba mumasango emiti kana vachizadza zvivako mumatombo.

Kushamwaridzana: Shandisai nevamwe vakanaka vemazhizha emamiriro ekunze vakaita se snapdragons, calendula, uye Dianthus. Kana kuti zvinosviba pakati pemakore ekuzarura mabhuru zvakadai se tulips uye daffodils kuzadza nzvimbo apo mababu anofa.

Cut Flowers: Violas zvakare inotaridzika zvakanaka mukati mega, mune maruva uye zvirongwa. Iwe uchacherechedza zvinonhuwira zvakanyanya pavanenge vari mumba.

Edible Flowers

Usakanganwa kuti viola maruva zvinodyiwa uye unoita zvipfeko zvisingatarisirwi uye saladi zvinoshandiswa. Kana kuti uishandise kurongedza makeke uye jams. Inogonawo kutorwa, nokuda kwechando chakaita.