Kukurira Blueberries muGindu reMusha

Bhabheri rinowanikwa muminda yekumba nekuti inogona kukura mune imwe nzvimbo, kunyange mumakamuri. Chaizvoizvo, ndeimwe yemichero yakaoma kukura.

Ikoko kune mitatu mikuru ye blueberries: highbush, rabbiteye, uye kumaodzanyemba highbush, sezvinotsanangurwa pasi apa. Chimwe nechimwe chine zvido zvayo zvinowedzera, saka iva nechokwadi chekusarudza bhiriberry yakanaka pamamiriro ako emunda.

Miti yeBlueberries ndeyemhando dzakakura dzemaruva uye zvinomera zvinomera zvinowanikwa kuNorth America.

Hama dzinenge dziri mukati meViccinium genus dzinosanganisira bilberry, cranberry, huckleberry, uye lingonberry.

Kunoita mabheji emucheka-bundu anoramba achigadzirwa nokuda kwezvibereko zvakakwirira, kupisa uye kushushikana kwekutonhora uye zviri nani kuderedza chirwere. Kunyange zvakadaro, vamwe vanhu vanosarudza ma-blueberries anokura mumasango neminda. Majikiji emusango madiki uye zvinokutora iwe zvishoma kuti uwane zvakakwana kuti uwane pie, asi vanhu vazhinji vanovawana ivo vakanakisisa kudya. Zvichida ndiwo mugumisiro wemiti inokura kwavanofara.

• Maruva: Maduku, machena, bhero-akaumbwa maruva anogara mumasumbu munguva yekupedzisira kwechinyakare.
• Maoriro: Mabrikri anokurumidza kupedza nguva, kubvira pakusvibirira kusvika kumucheka wakachena-bhuruu.
• Masamba: Mashizha akave akareba akareba, mairi ane mhepo uye yakakura uye inenge yakasvibirira kusvika kumubata. Vanoshandura bhenekeri, tsvuku pakuwa.

Botaniki Zita / Zita Rinozivikanwa

• Vaccinium corymbosum - Highbush Blueberry
• Vaccinium Ashei - Rabbiteye Blueberry
• Vaccinium formosum - Southern Highbush Blueberry

Hardiness Zones

• Highbush - USDA Hardiness Zones 3 - 7
• Rabbiteye - USDA Dambudziko Zuva 7 - 9
• Southern Highbush - USDA Nzvimbo Dzakawanda 7 - 10

Sun Exposure

Zvirimwa zvebribheri zvinoda zuva rose kuti rikure uye zvibereko zvakanaka, uye kudzivisa zvirwere zvinowanikwa.

Simba Rokukura Kukakura

• Highbush: 8-10 ft. (H) x 6-8 ft. (W)
• Rabbiteye: 15 ft. (H) x 10 ft. (W)

• Southern Highbush: 3-6 ft. (H) x 4-5 ft. (W)

Mazuva Kukohwa

Maruva akawanda e-blueberry anotanga kubudisa kukohwa kuduku negore ravo rechitatu, asi haazotanga kunyatsozadza kusvikira gore ravo rechitanhatu. Bhuruu yakakura yebrasi inobereka zvinokwana 8 makiroti ejiroji pamusango.

Zvinokwanisika kuwedzera maruva ako e-blueberry nekudyara mangwanani, pakati-uye nenguva yekupera kwemarudzi, pane zvese zvakasiyana.

Nzira chete yekuvimbika yekuziva kana blueberries yakagadzirira kusarudza ndeyokudya rimwe kana maviri. Mafuta e-blueberries ndiwo akanaka kwazvo kana achibvumirwa kugara pazvirimwa mushure memavhiki mushure mokushanduka bhuruu.

Bhabheriji Kukura Mazano

Mhepo: Blueberries sevhu rakaoma kwazvo, ine ivhu pH mune kutsamwa kwe 4.0 kusvika ku 4.5. Vanodawo ivhu rakapfuma munyaya dzehupenyu . Kana munda wako uine ivhu rakaoma ivhu , bhabheri rinowedzera zviri nani mumakamuri akakurira.

Kuti uwane ivhu rakafanira pH pakukura bhabheri, zvakanakisisa kugadzirisa ivhu iyo nguva musati mava kuda kudyara. Bindu sulfure kana aluminium sulfuriti inogona kusanganiswa mukati mepamusoro 6 masendimita evhu, kuderedza pH sezvinodiwa. Kana iwe uine ivhu rako rakaedzwa pamusango webindu kana nzvimbo yako yekuwedzera yehofisi , ivo vachakwanisa kukuudza kuti sulfuri yaunoda yakadini.

Kuchenjera kudzorera ivhu rako risati radyara, kuve nechokwadi kuti wakazadzisa zvawakanga uri shure.

Ramba uchigadzirisa uye uchigadzirisa ivhu kana zvichidiwa. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvichava basa rinoenderera mberi, sezvo ivhu rinowanzodzoka kune pH yayo yepakutanga.

Kudyara: Tarisa midzi midzi yemakore 2-3. Zvitsva zvekare zvinotambura nekuwedzerwa kunotyisa uye zvichiri kutora makore mashomanana kutanga kutanga kukohwa kukuru.

Dyara yako blueberries mangwanani ekutanga. Iwe unogona kusanganisa peat moss mubindu rako rokudyara, kuchengetedza ivhu rakasununguka, acidic uye zvakanaka-draining.

Kana uchinge uine michero miviri kana mitatu chete, ivai nzvimbo yepamakumbo mana kusvika kumamita mana. Kudyara mitsetse ye-blueberries, nzvimbo inomera mbeu inenge mamita mana kusvika kune imwe mumitsetse iyo yakaita mamita 9 kusvika kune gumi.

Ima bhabhareta kuitira kuti midzi ipararire muhomwe uye yakazara zvakakwana muvhu. Kana iyo yaiva mudziyo wakakura mumiti, simira anenge 1 masentimita yakadzika kupfuura zvaive muhari.

Mutsara mushure mekudyara. Zviyo zvehuni zvehuni, sepaini kana yemisidhari, sawdust, uye pine nendira zvichabatsira kuchengetedza ivhu richigadziriswa.

Mvura iri zvakanaka uye iva nechokwadi chokuti mbeu dzinoshandisa mvura yakadzika kamwe chete pavhiki. Mafuta e-blueberries anowanzove asina kudzika midzi uye anodikanwa zvishoma masendimita emvura vhiki imwe neimwe, kana pane imwe nguva yakaoma.

Fertilizers Usadiridza blueberries yako gore rokutanga. Midzi inonamatira munyu kusvikira mbeu dzisimbiswa. Ammonium sulfate inowanzoshandiswa semushonga we blueberries, kusiyana nea aluminium sulfuri inoshandiswa kuderedza pH. Asi iwe unogona kushandisa chero huwandu hwemushonga wemiti yemasidhi-inoda, kusanganisira bhiriberry kudya uye azalea zvokudya.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeBlueberry kukura

Vabatsiri vemikuri vanoramba vachivandudza simba uye kusagadzikana kwezvirwere zvemiti yemichero, saka zvakaoma kurumbidza marudzi akasiyana pasina kuvadzidzisa nguva dzose. Izvo zvakasiyana zvinotaurwa pano ndezvipfeko zvekare. Tarisa newaunharaunda yako Cooperative Extension hofisi yezvinoyevedza zvinowanikwa munzvimbo yako.

Cherechedza: Kunyange zvazvo blubhebheri yakazvimiririra, iwe uchawana majikiji makuru uye akawanda awo kana une michero miviri yakasiyana, iyo inokura panguva imwe chete, kuyambuka-kupora.

1. Highbush (kana Northern Highbush) : Kazhinji inorayira kuti mamiriro ekunze ave akaoma. Ichazvitsvaira, asi kubereka uye kukura zvinonyatsokurudzirwa nekuputika kwepisheni.
   
   • Pakutanga: "Earliblue", "Collins"; Mid: "Blueray", "Bluecrop", "Berkeley"; Mangwana: '"Jersery",' Patriot '
2. Rabbiteye : Anodiwa kumaodzanyemba kweUnited States Haazvigadziri. Inoda 2 zvakasiyana-siyana pakusvibisa. Inowedzera kukohwa muna August. Zvichida chirwere chisina kubhadhara.
   
   • 'Tifblue' ndiyo inowanikwa. Pakutanga: "Kupera", "Woodard"; Mid: "Briteblue", "Southland"; Kwapera nguva: "Kuderedza" "
3. Southern Highbush : Muchinjikwa pakati pe Highbush naRabbiteye. Sezvo neHighbush, idzi dzichazvitsvaira, asi kubereka uye kukura zvinonyatsovandudzika nekuputika kwepamberi.
   
   • Pakutanga: "Oneal", 'Southblue'; Mid: "Jubliee", "Sunshine Blue"
4. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeChina :
   
   • Pakati: "Dwarf Northblue" (20-24 inches); Zuva rekupedzisira: "Tophat" (18 - 20 inches, Hapana mupolisi Anodikanwa); iyo Bushel uye Berry ™ mutsara, kusanganisira "Jelly Bean" uye "Pink Icing"

Kuchengeta Makwenzi Ako eBlueberry

Kuchengetedza: Sezvakakwana nemakroti nemichero, bhuberberries vacharamba vachiita zvakanakisisa kana vakachengetedzwa vakagadzirirwa.

Makore maviri ekutanga, zvose zvaunoda kunyatsoita ndezvokubvisa maruva ose anoonekwa. Izvo zvakaoma kuita, asi ichabhadhara zvikomborero zvakakura munguva refu. Mbeu dzako dzichawedzera uye dzichiwedzera nesimba nekuda kweizvi. Maoriro anobudiswa pamapazi ari mugore rechipiri rekukura, saka zvakakosha kugara uchivandudza bhiriberry musango.

Iwe unogona kubva pamaruva pamusoro pegore rechitatu. Iwe haugoni kuwana majiroji akawanda, asi hapana kuchekerera kunotarisirwa kusvikira gore rechina.

Kutanga mugore rechina, iwe uchachera bhururo yako bhuruki mangwanani-ngwanani, nepo vachiri kurara. Prune out any:

• Vakafa kana vakuvara matavi
• Crossing Branches
• Wakakosha, spindly matavi

Izvo zvaunoda chaizvo kuita kuburikidza nekuchekerera, ndezvekuzarura gwenzi kuitira kuti chiedza chibudirire majiroji mukati megwenzi. Iwe haufaniri kuve wakaoma zvikuru.

Kugadziriswa kwemaintenance mumakore anotevera kuchasvika pakuchera matavi akare kukurudzira kukura patsva. Dzorera matavi akare, mashizha kusvika pedenga pasi uye ochekerera matavi akave akareba kana kuti ari kukurawo akaonda. Matare akare acharamba akachena. Matavi matsva achava nezvimwe zvitsvuku.

Miti yakabikwa inogadzirwa pamiti inotumbuka yematavi emativi. Iyo maruva inenge ichinge ihuru, ichinaya uye inopoteredza kupfuura iyo yakasvibira mashizha buds.

Zvipembenene Nezvirwere zveBlueberries

Nyeredzi: Nechinetso chikuru chakakura kukura kweblueberries chiri kuchengetedza shiri kure. Uine mabhasi mashomanana chete, unogona kushandisa shiri kubheta sezvo majiki anotanga kuibva. Vamwe varimi vanovhara nzvimbo yavo yose yebribheri kukura mumunda wakasungwa. Kana iwe uine jira rakakura bhabheriji, unofunga kufunga nezvekudzivirira shiri iyo inotumira shiri iri mukudanidzira.

Ichokwadi kuti inochengetedza shiri kubva munzvimbo yacho.

Zvipembenene: Zvipembenene zvinotarirwa zvinosanganisira: blubheberry tip tip, cherry fruitworm, cranberry michero worm uye plum curculio. Kana izvi zvipembenene zvinowanzoitika munzvimbo yako, chengetedza nekuwedzera kwako kwekune imwe nzvimbo kune zvakagadziriswa zvinodzivirira uye kurapwa.

Zvirwere: Pane huwandu hwehutachiona hunogona kuchinja blubhebheri, kusanganisira powdery mildew uye zvirwere zvemavara. Kuzvidzivirira kwako kwakanakisisa ndiko kudyara marudzi asingagumi. Inobatsirawo kupa mbeu yako nzvimbo yakawanda yekufambisa mhepo yakachena , simira muzuva rose , kuchenesa chero madota akasviba uye kutora mashizha gore negore, saka spores haigoni kupfuura-yechando munzvimbo. Kana uchifanira kutarisana nematambudziko, unogona kushandisa fungicide yakanyorwa yakashandiswa kushandiswa pazvirimwa zvinodyiwa.

Zvimwe zvirwere zvinokonzera blubheri kuti uchengetedze ziso:

• Anthracnose: Chirwere chefungal chinopararira nokukurumidza mumamiriro okunze asina mvura. Zviratidzo zvikamu zvitsvuku zvepiniki zve spores pamakwenzi anogadzirwa.
• Botrytis: Imwe fungus inokura mumamiriro emvura, botrytis inokonzera chibereko kuti chiwande uye chire.
• Canker: Fusicoccom (Godronia): Chirwere ichi chinotanga pazvikamu zvezasi zvemakona. Iwe uchacherechedza zviduku zvitsvuku zvakatsvaira zvichawedzera muziso renzombe. Kana ikasatenderwa, inoguma ichitenderera uye ikasunga iyo cane, ichiita kuti ife-shure.

• Amai Berry: Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvirwere zvakakomba zvinokonzera blueberries. Mukadzi berry anokonzerwa nefungus. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekuputika ndezvekusviba kwemasumbu emaruva, ayo anozopedzisira afa. Nemhaka yokuti iyo fungus, spores inogona kuramba ichingopera uye inopararira zvakasara maruva. Chibereko chinoguma chinoshanduka tani uye chakaoma, chinotarisa semakrikiti mummified.
• Twig Blights. (Phomopsis): Twig blight inogona kutanga kutarisa zvakafanana nekukanganisika. Sezvo bhinzi rinoputika, rinogona kukanganisa korona, matavi maduku uye mashizha pamwe nekukonzera mashizha.

Zvinetso zvekudya:

Chlorosis (Yellowing Leaves): Hazvisi zvisingawanzi kuti mabharuri ebhizha atange kuchena kana kutarisa chlorotic. Kunyangwe izvi zvinowanzova chiratidzo chekushaiwa kwesimbi , zvichida haisi kukonzerwa nokushayiwa kwesimbi muvhu. Zvichida zvirikutaurira kuti ivhu pH rakakwirira kwazvo uye michero yebriberiri haigone kuwana iron yakatove iripo.

Kana iwe uchiona kuchena kwechiedza, shandisa ivhu rako pH kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa.