A Revolution mu Lighting
Apo gesi rekutengesa rakavapo mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi19 muEurope neAmerica, nzira itsva yekuvhenekera misha yedu, mahofisi, uye mabhizimisi - kunyange magwagwa edu - aivepo panguva yekutanga. Kubva panguva iyo zvichienda mberi, taigona kuisa magetsi ekugadzirisa zvachose ainge akabatanidzwa kune mafuta kana simba raive raive richibva kunze.
Taifanira kuchengetedza uye tishandure majasi, uye taifanira kuivhenekera nemaoko, asi mazuva ekutenga kana kugadzira makandulo, uye ekutenga kana kupa mafuta emarenda, akanga apera.
Isu tinogona kuva nehurongwa hwepombi dzakasungirirwa, uye zvigadziro zvedu zvakasungirirwa kwavari, uye chibvumirano nekambani yegesi kuti ibatane uye inopa sangano redu.
Zvechokwadi, izvi zvaireva imwezve yehurumende yebhadhiro yekubhadhara kana tatova nemvura yepamusoro inopiwa. Zvechokwadi, mumatambudziko mazhinji, zvaireva kuti taive neyokutanga yekushandiswa kwemari. Basa remvura nemasipirisi emaspala rakanga rava kutanga kuwanika kare, asi zvakatora makore mazhinji kuti aite uye, kazhinji, basa regesi rakavapo kutanga.
Kuti gesi yakaendeswa sei
Hongu, iyo gasi yakaendeswa kumisha yedu uye mabhizinesi kuburikidza nepasi pemvura, sezvazviri nhasi. Asi iyo gas company yakawana gasi sei pakutanga? Imwe yepayipi yekutanga yekuunza gasi chaiwo kubva mumunda wegesi kune rimwe guta rakapedzwa muna 1821. Iyo pipeline yakaunza gasi chaiyo kubva kuminda muIndia kusvika kuguta reChicago, uye yakanga isiri yakanyatsoshanda. Pasati nguva iyoyo, uye kwemakore akawanda gare gare, gesi chaiyo yatinoshambidza nayo misha yedu yakanyatsogadzirwa muguta raigara.
Iyo gasi yatakashandisa kuzarura nzvimbo dzedu munguva yeG Gaslight yaiva gasi remazi. Yakanga iri gasi chaiyo, asi yakagadzirwa nemhepo inopisa mukati mevheni yakaiswa chisimbiso kuchengetedza okisijeni. Ipapo iyo gasi yakanatswa - yakasvibiswa - yakamanikidzwa uye yakanamatira kumisha yedu, mabhizimusi uye magetsi emugwagwa. Yakaitwa nehuwandu hwatinoziva nhasi se "marashi gasification."
Muna 1792, William Murdoch akashandisa gasi remarasha kuti aite imba yake. Panguva iyoyo, Murdoch aishanda kuna Matthew Boulton naJames Watt paSoho Foundry steam injini yaishanda uye akanga apiwa basa rokutarisira injini yekambani mumashini emigodhi muConwall. Akanga achiedza nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzegesi, kuti aone kuti chii chingaita kuti chiedza chakanakisisa. Akasarudza kuti bhaari yemari inonyanya kushanda, uye yakashandisa iyo mumba make, muchikamu, sechiratidziro.
Ichi chaiva kutanga kweGasizi Era. Pakuvamba kwema1800, magetsi emigwagwa yemagetsi akanga achizojairika mumaguta makuru makuru, uye kuiswa kwemagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwaive kuripo. Yakapera muzana remakore rechi19 uye kutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, magetsi zvishoma nezvishoma akatsiva gasi sechikonzero chekuvhenekera, uye nguva inonakidza yezvinhu zviviri-mafuta uye magetsi kwemakore anenge 20 sechikamu chekuchinja.
Zvigadziko zvemwenje muzhenje
Zvigadzirwa zveGasizi zvakaiswa pasi pekukwirira kwedenga kune zvikonzero zviviri. Chinyanya kukosha ndechokuti vakagadzira chiedza nemurazvo, naizvozvo ndiro chaiyo yakagadziriswa inofanira kuchengetedzwa kure zvakasara kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvingangopera. Chikonzero chechipiri ndechokuti gasi rekugadziriswa rakashandurwa uye ravharwa nevhavha, kana maguvhisi, ayo akavakwa mazviri.
Izvo, pamwe chete nekuti murazvo unofanirwa kupiswa shure kwegesi yaishandurwa, zvaireva kuti waida kuti zvigadziriswe zvive zvakajeka kusvika - zvichibva kubva pasi kana nekushandiswa kwekacheka-gumbo kana zvichidiwa.
Mugumisiro weiyi ndeyekuti gasi rezvigadzirisheni zvigadzirisheni, uye zvinyorwa zvakanyatsojeka, zvipfeko, magetsi emapuranga , uye masvingo emadziro . Vaiva (uye va) vazarura ndiro, dzinowanzogadzirwa negirazi uye kazhinji dzisina ruvara, dzinobata jira rakagadziriswa - kana, muzvigadzirwa zvemazuva ano, bhuruu. Muchigadziro chepakutanga, ndiro yakasununguka yaidiwa kubvumira zvigadzirwa zvekupisa kutiza. Yakatungamirirawo zvizhinji zvechiedza kumusoro. Kushandisa girazi kuitira ndiro yakabvumira chiedza kuti chipararire kumativi uye, kune imwe nzvimbo, pasi.