Dryocopus pileatus
Icho chivhundutsi, chakakura-chema chakakoswa nemapuranga ndicho chine miti yakakura kupfuura yose muNorth America, uye imwe yemhando dzakakura pane miti yose munyika.
Zita Rinozivikanwa : Pileated Woodpecker
Scientific Name: Dryocopus pileatus
Scientific Family : Picidae
Kuonekwa:
- Bhiri : Makuru, yakarurama uye yakadzika, rima guru-rima
- Kukura : 18 masendimita yakareba nemaapapiro 28-inch, mitsipa yakareba, chigadziko chakafanana nechetatu
- Makore : Dema, machena, mutsvuku, masikati machena
- Zvinyorwa : Dimorphic species. Varume vanonyatsotsvuka asi madhimoni angangoita madota. Matama uye huro zvinoratidzirwa nematema madema uye machena uye mutsara wakachena unoramba uri pasi parutivi rwomushiri. Iko tsvuku tsvuku inowedzera kubva pahuma kusvika kune iyo, uye masharubu isvuku yakatsvuka asi inogona kuoneka yakasviba mumasikati mashoma. Vakadzi vane zviratidzo zvakafanana asi masheche matsvuku nehuma, uye zvisikwa zvavo zvitsvuku zvinopfupika uye zvishoma zvishoma. Vose vakomana vanoratidzira vhudzi rakakura riri pasi pekudzivirira uye vachive nemakumbo matsvuku nemakumbo. Nyeredzi dze shiri dzinotarisa dzakafanana nevakadzi vakuru.
Zvokudya: Zvipembenene, mhangura, marimu , michero, maruva, maruva ( Ona: Omnivorous )
Habitat uye Kutama:
Vakaputi vemapuranga vanogara mumatondo ekare nemiti mikuru munzvimbo yose yeCanada nePacific Northwest kusvika kumaodzanyemba nechokuchamhembe kweCalifornia. Zvisungo zvakasvibiswa kana zvakasanganiswa deciduous-coniferous masango zvakasarudzwa.
Nharaunda yavo inotenderera kumabvazuva kweUnited States kubva kuMinnesota, Iowa uye kumativi ekumabvazuva eKansas, Oklahoma neTexas kusvika kumhenderekedzo yeAtlantic. Nemhaka yokuti idzi huru dzemapuranga dzinovimba nemiti mikuru, yakakura yehugaro hwakanaka, haisipo pamapani uye mumasango. Inogona kuwanikwa mumigwagwa yemugwagwa uye paki apo miti yakakodzera inowanikwa.
Vakaputika matanda havaendi.
Vocalizations:
Kunyange zvazvo shiri idzi dzisingagoni kuimba, inzwi ravo, rakakurumidza "kuk-kuk-kuk-kuk-kuk-kuk" rinoshevedza rakangosiyana uye rinomhanya zvishoma kusvika kumagumo ekudana. Ikumwa kwemapuranga emapurati kunononoka uye kunyange, asi kunowedzerawo pedyo nekumagumo kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe. Iko kune nguva yakareba pakati pemakumbo emadhora.
Maitiro:
Iyo yakagadzirwa nemapuranga ndeye shiri imwe yoga asi inogona kuwanikwa muviri, kunyanya panguva yekubereka. Izvozvi shiri dzichadzivirira ndima imwe chete mugore rese, asi inoremekedzwa kune dzimwe miti mumatumba. Kana vachigadzira mishonga, vachashandisa zvikwereti zvavo zvine simba kuti vawane mabhuti akadzika, emakona kana kuti kubvisa mabheji mukutsvaga zvipembenene, uye vachadya pamiti mikuru pamwe nematanda akawira. Vakaputika mapuranga vanogona kunge vachinge vachidya pasi. Nzira yavo yekufambisa igero risina kukwana nemakumbo mapfupi apo mapapiro anobudiswa mumuviri. Zvisikwa zvitsvuku zvakatsvuka zvinoshambadza uye zvinogona kusimudzwa kana kuderedzwa kuratidza manzwiro akasiyana kana mafungiro .
Kubereka:
Aya ndiwo shiri dzisingabviri . Sezvinyorwa -nesters , vanochera ganda rakakodzera 10-24 masendimita akadzika mumuti wakafa. Nzvimbo iyi inogadziriswa yakavhara 15-85 mamita pamusoro pevhu, uye shiri dzinogona kusiya mashomanana emapango mukati memota.
Mazai evha-mavara-akafanana-mavara akachena machena nemagumo akajeka. Mubereki wechikomana achaita mazuva akawanda ekuma18 kusvika ku18 ekudiwa kubatanidzwa. Vabereki vaviri vari kutarisira vechidiki vemazuva makumi maviri nemasere kubva mushure mekudzingwa, uye vaviri vari vaviri vanosimudza mazai maviri mazai gore negore. Vechidiki vane pirati yemapuranga vanoramba vari pedo nevabereki vavo mune boka risina kusununguka remhuri kwemwedzi inoverengeka, asi vachatsvaka vavakaroorana navo nenharaunda pakutanga kwezotevera nguva yekuberekwa.
Kukwezva Pileated Woodpeckers:
Vanhu ava vanoita saroni vanowanzove vachinyara asi vachauya kumashure nemiti yakawanda yakakura uye iyo inosangana kana nutswe. Vagari veshiri vedare vanofanira kusiya miti yakare kana matanda akawira munzvimbo kuti vakweve shiri dzinofamba. Kuderedza kushandiswa kwemishonga inouraya kunobatsirawo kuchengetedza hutachiwana hwakawanda hwezvipembenene kune vabati vematanda kuti vawane.
Kuchengetedza:
Kunyange zvazvo huni idzi dzisingatarisirwi kutyisidzirwa kana kuisa pangozi, hupenyu hwavo hwega hunoita kuti dzive nyore kunzvimbo yekurasikirwa kwekugara, kunyanya kana masango akakura ari kubviswa kana miti yakafa inodzingwa kubva munzvimbo. Kuchengetedza nzvimbo yakakodzera kunokosha kuti dzidzivirire mapurpeckers. Uyezve, nokuti dzimwe dzakawanda shiri dzakadai sedhavha-matendere, madhonhwe nemakungu zvinoshandisa zvakare matendere emapuranga akachengetwa, kuchengetedza shiri idzi kunogona kubatsira mamwe mhando dzakawanda panguva imwe chete. Saizvozvowo, vamwe vanocheka uye mapoka maduku maduku vanogonawo kushanyira nzvimbo dzinogadzirwa nemapuranga panzvimbo dzekudya pakudya.
Nyeredzi dzakafanana:
- Ivory-Billed Woodpecker ( Campephilus principalis )
- Black Woodpecker ( Dryocopus martius )
- Imperial Woodpecker ( Campephilus imperialis )