12 Chokwadi pamusoro peVaspiti uye Webs
- Iko kune zviuru makumi matatu nezviviri zvevanhu vanozivikanwa sevaspider, kunyange zvazvo masayendisiti anofungidzira kuti panogona kunge kune mhuka dzinenge 180 000 munyika. Vanenge 2 000 ava vanogara muUnited States, asi zvishomanana chete zvezvipembenene zvinoshandisa mabhii akawanda.
- Ngarave yebhangi yakavakwa kubva kune silika, iyo inobudiswa mukati memuviri wegandanisi uye yakabudisa kunze kwemazhenje maviri, kana kuti maronda, nemakumbo emakumbo emagunwe.
- Vose spider vane zvidimbu zviviri pamakumbo avo, asi tsvina dzebhubhu dzine matatu. Zvinoshandiswa kwete kungovhura silika asiwo kubata uye kusunungura tambo dzewebhu uye kupa tsvimbo kana vachifamba pamusika.
- Tsanga dzinotarisa marudzi maviri esiriki:
- Simki yakasimba, kana silk yakasvibiswa. Inoshandiswa kutora mhuka, silika iyi yakateteka, yakanyorova inoita tsvina yekukurumidza yewebhu.
- Siriki isina kumira, kana kuti durline silk. Yakashandiswa kusimbisa uye inopa ruzivo rwakaumbwa rwewebhu pane iyo yakisi yakasviki yakagadzirwa, iyi silika yakasimba uye yakaoma.
- Kuti urege kubatwa mumabhande avo pachavo, tsangadzi dzinodzivisa kufamba pamusoro pesiki yakanakira.
- Simba rebhubhu rinobva pane simba reasikisi rakaputika, asiwo pane webhu rakagadzirwa.
- Nyoreji inovakwa kuitira kuti kana chikamu chipi zvacho chikavhiringidzika, kupindura kunonzwika pasi rose webhu, kujekesa tsandanyama kumakumbo ayo uye kunetseka kwezvipembenene zvekudya.
- Mukuwedzera, yakavakwa kuitira kuti kukanganisa mune imwe nzvimbo kurege kukonzera kuti web yose ikundike, asi icharasikirwa chete chikamu chisina kukwana.
- Vaspiti vanovaka zvakare maitiro avo nokudya silika iyo "yekudzokorora zvakare" iyo kuti iite zvitsva zvitsva.
- Webs ane zvinangwa zvakawanda, asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechekusunga zvipembenene kuti zvive zvokudya.
- Webs inoshandiswa zvakare
- kuenda, kana "bhoruoni," kubva pane imwe nzvimbo kuenda pane imwe.
- sekudzivirira pamasuo emisha yavo.
- kuvhara mazai evha.
- Icho chipembenuki chemadzimai anovaka webs.
- Spider webs inogona kuratidza kuti inobatsira zviratidzo zvezvakatipoteredza. Semuenzaniso, vatsvakurudzi vakakwanisa kuderedza maitiro ekutungamirira uye zinc mumakona emakona mumapako muAustralia zvichienderana nekuongorora kwemvura inogadziriswa mumvura mu spiderwebs panzvimbo idzi.
Aina dzeSpider Webs
Kune mhando mitatu mikuru ye webs: orb webs, funnel kana mapepa webhande, uye maitiro asina kukodzera emagetsi eimba.
- Orb webs - Orb-weaver spiders anovaka webs awo zvakakwana zvachose kuburikidza nekubata, nokuti, kunyange zvazvo vane maziso masere, ivo chaizvoizvo vane maziso asina kunaka. Maererano neNewton Nature Bulletin kubva kuArgonne National Laboratory, "Pasi pemimba yake mune zvinyorwa zvitanhatu zvinogona kuwedzerwa kana kuomeswa uye zvinoshandiswa sezvigunwe zvemunhu." Chero spinneret ine "faucets" uye "spools" inosanganiswa nediki duku tubhu kuti mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvipembenene. " Siriki inotanga seanoshandiswa mvura uye inosimbisa uye inowedzera kusimbiswa kumhepo.
Kuti uite webhu, weaver weaver anoisa nheyo neshinda yakananga uye yakagadziriswa uchishanda sarkline. Siriki yakasvibiswa inoshandiswa pamusoro peiyo nheyo, yakagadzikana ne "mavara" e-glue-soro. Iyo webhupu inotora nguva inenge yeawa yekuvaka. - Funnel Webs - Iyi yebhande yakafanana neyebhandi inowanzoputirwa kunze nefodya-web kana tsvina dzeuswa. Sezvinotsanangurwa muNewton Nature Bulletin, "Peji rimwe nerimwe rinotambanudza kunze kubva kumusana-kufanana mukati apo iyo tsandanyama inomirira mukumirira mhashu nezvimwe zvipembenene zvinogona kuwira paIri. Anoramba achiwedzera yewebhu uye, kana asingagadziriswi, inogona kuva nzvimbo yadhiyadhi munzvimbo iyi. "
Kazhinji inogadziriswa horizontally, webhu "funnels" ichienda kunzvimbo yekugara, yakadai sokuputika muvhu kana dombo rine dombo kana miti yakasvibira. Kuvhura kwemufaro kunogona kuva pamusoro petsoka refu, uye chepa ichikwira kusvika mamita matatu.
- Zvisingaregi Webs - Tsvina dzeimba dzinowanzovaka maitiro avo pedo, uye inonyanya kuwedzera kupfuura yee orb weaver. Iyi webhuta "ine pepa rekati resiriki yakanyorova iyo inoshanda senzvimbo yekuvanda uye yakasimbiswa nemiganhu yakawanda yakareba uye yakasimba," inonzi Nature Bulletin. Ichi chipembenene chinoshandisa musana wayo wemakumbo-semakumbo, nemutsara wavo wemakumbo akavharidzirwa, kutora mhuka kuburikidza nekukandira micheka yechinyoro yewebhu pamusoro pezvipembenene zvinosvetuka kana kuti zvinopinda mazviri.
Zvinyorwa zvenyaya ino zvinosanganisira zvinotevera hurumende mabhuku, mamwe acho akataurwa zvakananga:
- Franklin Institute
- The Library of Congress
- National Center ye Biotechnology Information
- Argonne National Laboratory
- National Center ye Biotechnology Information
- National Science Foundation
- Missouri Department of Conservation