01 ye 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
SF Girl By Bay Chinonzi chii? Otomi (O-toh-mee) kana Tenango (Teh-nang-go)
Ndekupi? The Otomi vanhu veTenango di Dora, Mexico
Ndiani anezvo? Houzz, Nyika yeNod
02 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Jacaranda Home Bhabheri rakanaka mahombeti eOttomi - dzimwe nguva anonzi Tenangos - kuwedzera kuwedzerwa kune imwe nzvimbo. Nesimba dzavo dzakanyanyisa uye zvigadziro zve-whimsical, dzinounza pfungwa ye simba uye kufamba kunoita kuti ive imwe yenzira dzakawanda dzinoteverwa mazuva ano mukugadzirwa kwenyika yose. Muna 2012 mahofisi eFesifesi ane simba yemafashoni akatangira mutsara wezvitsvuku zvaive neTongango yakafuridzirwa maitiro (1) pakarepo achivaita zvakanyatsozivikanwa mumafashoni pamwe nekugadzirwa. Hazvizivikanwi zvikuru, zvisinei, kuti mavara anofara uye mafesheni anofanirwa anozivikanwa naOtomi machira anotenda tsika inoenda kure munhoroondo yeMesoamerica.
03 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Domino Vanhu veOtomi vanhu vanotenda kuti ndivo vaimbova vagari vepakutanga reMupata weMexico, kutotangira kunyange vanhu vaNahuatl vachitaura vanhu vaizopedzisira vachisvika kuUmambo hweAztec (2). Zvadaro iye zvino Otomi yakanga iri pamusoro penzvimbo yakawanda yezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Somugumisiro, nyanzvi dzinosiyanisa pakati peSierra, Highland uye Mezquital Valley Otomi vanhu (ibid.). Zita rokuti Otomi pakutanga raifungidzirwa kuti rakapiwa nevaAztec kune boka iri revanhu vanozvitsanangura seHnahu, kana kuti "avo vanotaura mutauro" (3). Zita rokuti Otomi rinowedzera kubva pamashoko echiNahuatl mazwi, otoac ("kufamba") uye mitl ("museve") (4). Izvi zvinosanganisira kugadzira mazwi otomitl / totomitl, ayo Otomi anotorwa zvakananga uye anoreva "avo vanovhima shiri nemiseve nemuseve (5)."
04 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Amber Interiors Asati yasvika yeAztec, Sierra Otomi yakatanga kusunganidzwa neToltec, iyo umambo hwakakundwa muna 1168 AD (6). Kuwedzera kweMambo weAztec muna 1400 AD zvakare wakaona Otomi akakundwa nenyika yakakura, kunyange zvakadaro kukundwa kwaOtomi kwaisareva kurega kukwana (7). Pasinei nokubatanidzwa kwavo nemapoka makuru muhupenyu hwavo hwose, Otomi aizivikanwa sevarwi vane simba (8). Vaifungidzirwa kuti vakanga vakagadziriswa kuTula, guta guru reToltec Empire, pamwe chete nechepamusoro-soro paguta reTeotihuacan (kunyange ikozvino ikozvino ndiro rinofunga kuti guta rinotangira Toltec tsika.) (9). Gare gare, vaAztec vaizoshandisa Otomi semasitoriya kusvika pakadai kuti zita ravo rakafanana neboka rehondo reAztec (10). Apo veSpain Conquistadors vakasvika mune zvavaifunga se "Nyika Itsva," Mezquital Valley Otomi (pamwe pamwe nemamwe mapoka eOtomi) vakabatana navo kurwisana neAztec mukuedza kuzvisunungura muumambo (11). Kunyange zvazvo veSpanish havana kuratidza kuti vakavimbika kune vose, Otomi akapona mutongi wekoloni kuti ave nechinzvimbo mumatambudziko akawanda ezvematongerwe enyika uye ehondo kusanganisira Hondo yeIndendence (ibid.).
05 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Heather A. Wilson Architect Unyanzvi hwekugadzira uye hwekugadzirisa pakati peOtomi hwakagara huri mberi kwekubatana nawo nemasimba emakoloni (12). Zvisinei, Otomi textile maitiro haana kuwanikwa sezvinhu zvekushongedza kusvikira kuma1960. Pamberi penguva iyo vakanga vasiripo mumavheekete kana mumakateji. Kwemazana emakore izvi zvishandiso zvakashandiswa chete sekushongedza kwevakadzikadzi mabhesi (13). Yakanga isati yasvika pane imwe nzara yakawanda yakaparadzwa muSangoango deDoria zvokuti Otomi akatanga kuita basa ravo rekutengesa kunze kwenharaunda yavo (ibid.).
06 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Tafura Tonic Kushandura kuChirungu, "nzvimbo yematombo," Tenango musha kune mapako akawanda ane mifananidzo iri kuratidza mhuka pamwe nemasikirwo emasimba uye masimba. Iyi mifananidzo inofungidzirwa kuti yakafuridzira mafungiro aripo pane Otomi fabrics (14). Mimwe miitiro inogona kusanganisira tsika inoshandiswa inosanganisira mapepa akaitwa kubva pamiti yemiti yakatemwa inonzi "amate" (15).
07 of 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Yakanaka Nokugadzira Kuunza miitiro yeChumiango kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvemishonga yemusha kutanga kwaida kuve nyore kwekugadzirisa nekugadzira nzira. Apo kusika mazano pazvipfeko kunoda nzira yakakomba yakasungirirwa, mazuva ano Otomi maumbirwo anoshandiswa achishandisa nzira yakajeka yekusagadzikana uye kushanda kwakanyanya-kushanda kwakasimba (16). Maitiro anotanga kuswededzwa pakotoni muslin mumvura yakanyoroveswa. Zvirongwa zvingatengwa kana kutengeswa nemuveki anogona kupedza kusvika kumwedzi mitatu kuti aite chidimbu chakayera mamita mazana maviri emakiromita (17). Kubvira pakuva magadziro ezvokugadzirwa kwemazuva ano mararamiro palettes uye mifananidzo yaOmiomi maumbirwo ave akawandisa. Chinofadza munyaya iyi yekuvandudza kwaOmiomi maitiro kakawanda kwaireva kuderedza nhamba yemirau mune imwe muenzaniso (18).
08 we 08
Kugadzira Geek: The Otomi Fabric Of Central Mexico
Hygge uye West Kunyangwe mukurumbira wavo unokura kune zvakasikwa uye mafashoni kwakawedzerwa kuonekwa kweiOtomi machira netsika, maitiro ekare anowanikwa pasi pemaitiro ezvakagadzirirwa ari munjodzi yekufa kunze. Masangano akadai seMexicoan Indigenous Textiles Project (19) ari kushanda kuti ave nechokwadi chokuti tsika idzi dzinoremekedzwa dzinoramba dzichiendeswa kune dzinotevera. Kunyange zvazvo basa re sangano iri uye vamwe richiri kuchengetedza nzira dzekare dze Otomi textile embroidery, maitiro matsva nemaitiro anoenderera mberi kukurudzira uye kutsigira mazuva ano Otomi tsika munyika yose.