Gavia stellata
Chinyanya kudarika asi chakapararira pane zvisikwa, zvitsvuku zvinonzi red-throated loon ndeimwe yenyika dziri kumaodzanyemba kwegungwa munyika.
Zita Rinojairika: Tsvuku-Yakasvibiswa Loon, Tsvuku-Yakatsvaira Diver, Pegging-Awl Loon, Cape Drake, Cape Racer, Sprat Loon, Spratoon, Little Loon
Zita reSayenzi : Gavia stellata
Scientific Family : Gaviidae
Kuonekwa:
- Bhiri : Yenguva refu, yakasimba, yakanyanya kunyanya kupfurikidza nehupamhi hwayo, yakasviba-yakasviba
- Kukura : 24-27 masendimita refu nemapapiro 42-45-inch, musoro wakakomberedza, chifukidzo chepabonde, mutsipa wakareba
- Makore : Guru, dema, machena, zvitsvuku
- Zviratidzo : Genders zvakafanana, asi varume vanowanzove vashoma uye vane nzara kudarika vakadzi. Pakuzadza mazaya, musoro wakasimba grey uye mutsipa wakareba wakanyatsonaka, yakasviba mutsvuku uye mutsvuku muhindneck uye bold brick red patch pamutsipa. Chifuva uye pasi pepachena zvakachena, kunyange zvazvo mamwe magetsi akareba angaratidza pamativi. Musana nemapapiro zvakasviba uye zvishoma zvishoma grey mottling. Mumwaka wechando, mapapiro asingasviki, maziso aya ane chiso chena, puroti uye pasi, ganda rakasviba, mutsvuku mutsvuku pamusana mutema uye murairi wepare. Mugore rose, maziso ari matsvuku uye makumbo netsoka zvakasviba.
Vatongi vanofananidzwa nehomwe dzinotapira vanhu vakuru asi vanoratidzira grey pamativi ehuro uye mari yakawanda.
Zvokudya : Hove, zvipembenene, amphibians, crustaceans, mollusks ( Ona: Piscivorous )
Habitat uye Kutama:
Aya maodzanyemba ekuchamhembe ane mhepo yakadzika uye inowanikwa pamadziva mashoma, mashoma, makungwa, madziva nemabhegi munguva yekuzadza kwezhizha, munguva yechando vanosarudza mvura isina mvura yakadzika yegungwa semakungwa, mabhanga uye nzvimbo dzekudya, kunyange zvazvo vacharamba vachibuda kugungwa.
Zvokurera kwavo zvinosanganisira nzvimbo dzeArctic dzese North America neEurasia, kusanganisira Iceland neScandinavia. Munguva yechando, inowanikwa mumakungwa eEurope kusvika kumaodzanyemba seSpain uye kuGungwa reMediterranean uye Gungwa reCaspian, uye muAsia nguva yechando inonzi red-throated loons inogona kuonekwa mumiganhu yeJapan, korean peninsula uye nechokumaodzanyemba sekumusoro kweChina.
MuNorth America, nguva yechando inowedzera kumaodzanyemba kumaodzanyemba kweBaja Peninsula paPacific gungwa uye kuSouth Carolina pamhenderekedzo yeAtlantic.
Maonero ekuona mashoma haana kuwanikwa asi dzimwe nguva anyorerwa mukati, kunyanya panguva yekufamba, uye zvinyorwa izvi hazviwanzoremberi zvakanyanya kumaodzanyemba kunotarisirwa, kusanganisira kuchamhembe kweAfrica, pakati peMexico neMongolia.
Vocalizations:
Izvozvi shiri dzine izwi rakadzika rinosanganisira rimwe rwiyo rwemhanzi runyararo, kuchema kwekuchema, kuvhara kwepfungwa uye kurira kwakadzika kana kurira mazwi. Vashandi vechidiki vanove vachikumbira nhare dzinoshandisa kuti vanhu vatarise.
Maitiro:
Zvitsvuku zvinoputika zvinowanzove dzoga asi zvinogona kuumba mapoka ezvipfuwo panguva yekufamba kana munzvimbo dzakakodzera munguva yechando. Nzira yavo yekufamba-famba yakarurama uye yakananga nemapapiro akadzika, uye inoratidza humiro yakasiyana-siyana kana kuvhima hunotiza netsoka dzavo nemitsipa kudonha, kunyange zvazvo kazhinji vanofamba mitsipa yavo kumusoro uye pasi apo vachibhururuka.
Izvozvi shiri dzinotyisa uye dzinoshamisira pasi, asi dzakashata dzakasiyana siyana dzinogona kudzika kusvika kumamita makumi mapfumbamwe mukutsvaka mhuka. Vanowanzobata zvikwereti zvavo zvishoma nezvishoma, uye vanogona kubvisa kubva kumvura kana kubva kunyika kana zvichidiwa, pasina "runzira" inotambanudza kuti ivakwe kumhanya.
Kubereka:
Izvozvi zvipfeko zvinongobatana uye zvinomira zvisungo zvekugara kwenguva refu zvinogona kuratidza kufanana kwehupenyu . Kuratidzwa kwechikwata kunosanganisira kuisa bhadharo mumvura pamwe chete nekupemberera kwemitambo uye kutamba pedyo nevarume vakaroorana. Mushure mekusangana, vashandi vaviri vanoshanda pamwe chete kuti vadzike dendere risina kudzika kana kuti mhepo yakadzika yeuswa, moss, mvura yakasvibira uye matope, uye inogona kunge yakazara nezvinhu zvakanakisa kana mashomanana mashomanana. Iko kune mazai akafanana nemasvosve akafanana nemafuta, uye anotarisa kubva kumuorivhi-ruvara kusvika kune tani yakadzika uye anoparadzaniswa kana zvishoma nezvimedu nezvimvuri.
Vose vaviri vabereki vanogoverana kubatanidzwa kwemazuva makumi maviri nemashanu, uye zviputi zvepakutanga zvinobva mudendere mukati mezuva rekuvhara. Vanokwanisa kuzvidya ivo pachavo asi shiri dzinoberekwa dzichapa zvokudya zviri nyore uye kutungamirirwa kwakapfuurira, uye kana zviputi zvichityisidzirwa, vabereki vanogona kuita zviratidzo zvekuvhiringidza kuti vadzivise zvinoparadza.
Iyo shiri dzinobhururuka dzinotora ndege yavo yekutanga kana dziri mazuva makumi mashanu kusvika makumi matanhatu. Nemhaka yenguva refu yekuchengetedza, vaviri vari vaviri vanongomutsa vana kamwe chete pagore, kunyange kana dendere risati rapera mumwaka iwoyo, vanogona kutanga mutsva mutsva pane imwe nzvimbo itsva yekutsvaga.
Kukwezva Rudzi Rutsvuku-Rwakagumburwa:
Iyi haisi shiri dzomusango asi dzinogona kuonekwa munzvimbo dzisingatarisirwi nemvura yakafanira yakasununguka, kunyanya panguva yekufamba. Nzvimbo yekuchengetedza uye hutano hwakanaka hwemvura hunopararira hunokosha kuitira kuti mapurati-redro-throated anzwe akasununguka.
Kuchengetedza:
Kunyange zvazvo zvikwereti izvi zvisingafungidziri kutyisidzirwa kana kuisa pangozi, humwe huwandu hwevanhu huri kupera sezvo nzvimbo dzeArctic dziri pasi pekugadzirwa kwezvinoshandiswa mumabhizimisi uye munzvimbo dzekutyisidzira dzenharaunda dzingasiyana. Mafuta anoputika uye kusvibiswa kunotungamirira kuhuwandu hwehutu hunotyisa kunewo hutsotsi kumakumbo e-red-throated, uye mambure egill uye unyanzvi hwekushambadzira asingagoni kutora zvinogona kutora nhamo yakawanda pazvioni izvi, kunyanya munguva yechando.
Nyeredzi dzakafanana:
- Dema-Yakashata Loon ( Gavia arctica )
- Pacific Loon ( Gavia pacifica )
- Red-Necked Grebe ( Podiceps grisegena )
Mufananidzo - Mutsvuku-Wakatsvaira - Mazai Okuberekwa © Jason Crotty
Mufananidzo - Mutsvuku-Wakabvongodzwa - Usingaiti Mazai © Don Henise