01 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Kronbali Chinonzi chii? Juju (akadudzwa Joo-Joo) kana Tyn (akadudzwa tin)
Ndekupi? Vanhu veBamileke vokuCameroon
Ndiani anezvo? L'Aviva Home, Kronbali
02 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Isu Tinogutsikana Kana pane imwe chikwata chemishonga yemumba iyo zita mumakore achangopfuura rave rakafanana nemutauro wepasi pose, ndeyoMamerican Juju hat. Kunyange zvazvo mavara ayo akaputika uye mafirimu akajeka pakutanga airehwa kupfekedza vanhu, panzvimbo pemakamuri, munguva pfupi inoita sokuti hapana nzvimbo yakakwana isina imwe yezvikamu zvakanakisa zvemafuro pamadziro. Asi, nepo Juju hatsva inowanzoonekwa pamadziro evanhu vakawanda vemazuva ano, kune vanhu veBamileke veWestern Cameroon ivo vaimbova chinhu chisingawanzochengeterwa chete vashoma vasarudzwa.
03 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Marion House Book Chipi nechipi chidzidzo chemaitiro eAfrica chinosungirwa kupinda mumatambudziko emazita. Kazhinji mazita anoshandiswa kureva hupfumi hweAfrica anobva kunze kweboka rinotaurirwa, uye akashandiswa kuzivisa, sechimwe chikwata, mapoka akawanda evanhu vanofunga kuti ivo pachavo vakasiyana (ona Past Design Geek nyaya dzeBerber neCuba tsika inoshandiswa). Somugumisiro, mazita anofanirwa kuvhiringidzika anogona kunge asina zvishoma kune zvaanoreva kune vanhu vavanoda kurondedzera, uye haasi mazita ayo vanhu vanoshandisa kuzviratidza ivo pachavo. Izvozvo ndizvo zvakaitika kune zita rokuti "Bamileke". Izwi iri rinoreva kusanganisira chero kubva kune makumi mapfumbamwe kusvika kune zana mapoka akasiyana ayo anotorwa pamwe chete, kunyanya maererano nemitauro yavo yakabatana zvikuru asi isina kufanana (1). Boka remiBamileke rinoumbwa nemitauro gumi nemitauro yakasiyana, imwe neimwe yadzo inopinda muzvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvenharaunda (2). Izwi reBamileke, iro rakagadzirwa naGhomala ', Fefe', Kwa ', Medumba, Mengaka, Nda'nda', Ngiemboon, Ngomba, Ngombale, Ngwe, Yemba uye nhengo dzavo dzinoshandiswa (3) dzinopararira pamusoro pevanhu 2.1 mamiriyoni (4) kusvika mamirioni 3 (5) kusvika kune mamiriyoni 8 (6) vanhu, zvichienderana neunobva
04 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Alain Denis Nyaya yekutumidza mazita haina kuguma nevanhu asi zvakadaro. Kunyangwe zvikamu zvemuitiro unofamba pasi pose zvingazviwana zvichiita saizvozvo pasi pezita rinodanwa. Inofanira kuuya sekushamisika naizvozvo "Juju" haisi iyo izwi raishandiswa kurondedzera rakakurumbira chiKameronian hat, uye harina kutanga semashoko mune chero mutauro weBamileke. Aya maonero maviri anowirirana pamusoro peeymology yezwi rokuti "Juju" anobata kuti zvichida kubviswa kweshoko rokuti "djudju", rinoshandiswa neHausa riri kuchamhembe kweNigeria kuratidza mweya wakaipa (7) kana kubva kuFrench "joujou", zvinoreva tambo kana chido (8). Kwemakore izwi iri rave rakakurumbira uye rakanyatsofambiswa, richishandiswa kurondedzera zvinhu zvose kubva mumuchombodya fodya (ibid.) Kune chimiro chinozivikanwa cheNigeria music (9). Kubvira panguva yekushandiswa kwayo kwokutanga yakanyorwa munguva yekupera kwezana remakore rechi17, Juju akava izwi rakakurumbira pakati peEurope pamusoro pekutaura kune zvitendero zveWest Africa nemaporesa avo ainzi Juju varume. Zvichida kuti mutariri akanganisa vatakuri vezviputi izvi kune vanoporesa vakadaro uye vakashandisa zita ratiriziva iye zvino zvipfeko zvemafivha izvo Bamileke inodana kuti "Tyn" (10).
05 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Hoa-Qui Pasinei nemitauro yakasiyana-siyana uye nhamba yezvizvarwa zvakasiyana-siyana pane zvakawanda zvakafanana pakati pemapoka eBamileke. Imwe yeiyi sangano rezvematongerwe enyika. Bhururu rose reBamileke rinotungamirirwa nemukuru kana mambo anonzi "Fon" (11). Mambo anotarirwa nekomiti yevarume vasere vanozivikanwa seMakem kana "kereke yevadzidzisi vane kodzero dzeropafadzo" (12). Munhu mumwe nomumwe wegungano iri anozivikanwa kuti akaunza hupfumi uye kusiyana kune humwe nyika uye mumwe nomumwe anoita sevakuru vemumwe munhu anoshanda nemamwe mabasa mukati meumambo. Mabasa akadaro angave euto, zvezvemari, mutemo kana zvimwe. Kwemakore maviri ega Mhemberero inobata misangano inokosha iyo pfuma yamambo inoratidzwa. Pamitambo iyi nhengo dzeMakem nevateveri vavo dzinopa masks zvakaenzana nemasangano avo. Anoremekedzwa zvikuru aya, nzou uye ingwe masikisi, anochengeterwa chete mambo uye yemhengo dzeKosi neKemdje, vose vari varwi. Iko nemasikisi ayo Tyn kana "Juju hats" anowanzoonekwa, asi dzimwe nguva ivo vanozvishongedza voga (13).
06 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Delcampe Kungofanana neBamileke maitiro, zvipfeko zveTyn zvakasikwa zvakananga kushandiswa pamitambo yeumambo kana mhemberero (14). Mukuwedzera kune kuungana kwegore negore kweMakem, zviitiko zvakadaro zvinogona kuitika pakufa kwemambo kana nhengo yepamusoro yeimwe yevanhu vasere (avo vose vakapfuma). Hako pachayo yakavakwa kubva kumarfiya akavezwa kuti aumbe sangano rekutsigira. Mushure mekunge, mapepa anotorwa kubva kune huku, guinea shiri kana imwe mhuka dzomusango dzakasvibiswa uye dzakabatanidzwa pachigadziko. Chidzitiro cheganda chakasungirirwa kumashure chinoshandiswa kukwevera hovha yakazaruka kusvika kune yakazara. Hukuru hwehati dzinopesana, kunyanya pakati peavo vanogadzirirwa kutengesa uye kushandiswa mumapuranga emumba. Kunyange zvakadaro hupamhi hwetsika yeTyn hat inogona kunge yakapoteredza 31.5 inches kana 80 cm (15). Kana isiri kushandiswa, hovha yacho inopinda muchikwata chisingakwanisi kushandiswa iyo inongobatsira chete kuchengetedza asi inoshandawo kuchengetedza mapapiro mukati mehomwe yehuwandu hwakasimba hwehufurati (ibid.).
07 of 07
Kugadzira Geek: Juju Hats
Pinterest Bamileke yeCameroon vanhu vese vakabatana uye vakaparadzana, zvakafanana uye zvakadaro zvakasiyana. Kufanana nemitemo yakawanda yeAfrica ivo vakapona kuwedzerwa kwenyika yavo neGermany kune zana remakore rechi19 chete kuti vaone kuti kuguma kwebasa kwakanyanya mumaoko emaFrench neBritain mumavambo ekutanga 20 (16). Kunyange zvazvo makore akawanda okuedza kurwira rusununguko kubva kuhurumende yeFrance neBritain yakasiya mararamiro avo kuvanhu uye tsika yavo, tsika dzakawanda dzeBamileke dzinoramba dzichinyatsogadzirisa, dzakapfuudzwa kubva kumarudzi kusvika kune mamwe marudzi sechinhu chechimiro chekuziva uye chiitiko chekuzvikudza. Kubatana kwesimba, runako, pfuma uye mapeji ezvinyorwa zvinotsanangura mhemberero dzeumambo dzeBamileke dzakarongedzwa mumakorona ane mavara ane mazano anove nhasi anorongedza dzimba kumativi ose enyika - kupa munhu wese mukurumbira waimbova purovhinzi chete yevarwi uye madzimambo .